1. The Mole Theory What is a Mole?

2. How do you measure matter? -Counting (dozen, 3/$1, 6 pack) -Mass ( 1 lb, 4 oz, 57g) -Volume (liter, gallon, pint, quart)

3. In chemistry- chemicals are atoms and molecules that are measured by a unit called the mole. Saying we have a mole of something is an exact number of what ever we are talking about. For example - If you buy a dozen donuts – how many do you buy? Could you buy more or less? If you did, would that be a dozen? There are lots of words we use that mean an exact number of something – just like a mole – no more and no less.

4. Number of particles in a Mole 1 mole = 6.02 × 10 23 representative particles (also called Avogadro’s Number) That’s 602000000000000000000000 representative particles

5. Number of particles in a Mole What is a representative particle? It is one unit of what ever sample we are talking about…. For example: 1.We have a cart full of basketballs from the gym – what would be one unit from the cart? 2.We have a bottle full of pure sand – what would one unit from the sample be? 3.We have a bottle of pure water – what would one unit from the sample be? 1.One basketball 2.One grain of sand 3.One molecule of H 2 O Answers:

6. Number of particles in a Mole So the representative particle for anything is how the substance normally exists. In chemistry, we use chemicals that can exist in 3 forms… 1.Atom- rep. particle for most elements 2.Molecule- rep. particle for covalent compounds and diatomic molecules “BrINCl HOF” 3.Formula unit- rep. particle for ionic compounds