1. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Prepared by Katherine E. L. Norris, Ed.D.  West Chester University of Pennsylvania This multimedia product and the content are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law:  any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network,  preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part of any images;  any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

2. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved. Chapter 13 Physical Development in Adolescence

3. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Growth of the Body and Brain During Adolescence  Sexual Activity During Adolescence  Special Concerns About Teenage Sexual Activity  Adolescent Health Issues

4. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Puberty  Early and Late Maturation  Brain Development

5. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Puberty ◦ The process of physical maturation that leads to the physical capability to reproduce.  Androgens ◦ One type of sex hormone, released in greater concentration by males.  Estrogens ◦ One type of sex hormone, released in greater concentration by females.

6. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Menarche ◦ The first menstrual period for females, usually occurring around 12 to 13 years of age.  Adolescent Growth Spurt ◦ The increase in growth associated with the onset of puberty.

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9.  Body Image ◦ The way a person thinks about his or her body and how it looks to others.  Early Maturation ◦ When the physical changes of puberty occur earlier than they do in the majority of one’s peers.  Late Maturation ◦ When the physical changes of puberty occur later than they do in the majority of one’s peers.

10. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Did you begin puberty earlier or later than other adolescents your age?  How did your rate of maturation affect your feelings about yourself and how you compared with your classmates?

11. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Prefrontal Cortex ◦ A large part of the frontal lobe of the brain that is important for planning, judgment, decision making, and inhibiting impulsive responding.

12. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Patterns of Sexual Activity  Contraceptive Use in Adolescence  Sexual Knowledge and Sex Education

13. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◦ A disease transmitted primarily through sexual contact.

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15.  Contraception ◦ Methods such as condoms and birth control pills used to prevent pregnancy.

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17.  Almost all public school systems provide sex education programs.  Churches and community organizations such as Planned Parenthood, the YMCA, Boy Scouts, and Girl Scouts also offer these programs.  Even with all the educational training, teens know very little about sex.

18. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Was the sex education program in your school system adequate and effective?  How do you think it could be improved?

19. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Adolescents  Teenage Pregnancy  Forced Sexual Behavior

20. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Chlamydia ◦ A common STD caused by a bacteria that often produces no symptoms, but that can lead to infertility if untreated.  Gonorrhea ◦ A common STD caused by a bacteria with often mild symptoms, but that can lead to infertility, blood, or joint problems if untreated.  Human Papillomarvirus (HPV) ◦ A common STD caused by a group of viruses. Persistent infection is the main risk for cervical cancer.

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22.  Most experts agree that living in poverty is the biggest risk factor for teenage pregnancy.  Earlier age of first intercourse increases the risk of pregnancy.  Lack of parental supervision increases the risk of teen pregnancy.

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24.  Rape ◦ Sexual intercourse as a result of physical force or psychological coercion.  Sexual Assault ◦ Sexual contact due to physical force or psychological coercion that may or may not involve penetration.  Sexual Harassment ◦ Any unwanted behavior of a sexual nature that creates a hostile or offensive environment.

25. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Nutrition and Exercise  Substance Use and Abuse  Other Health Issues During the Adolescent Years

26. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Eating Disorders ◦ Anorexia Nervosa  A serious eating disorder involving distorted body image, intense fear of gaining weight, and refusal to maintain a healthy weight. ◦ Bulimia Nervosa  A serious eating disorder with binge eating, followed by purging, fasting, or excessive exercise.

27. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Substance Use ◦ Ingesting on more than a few occasions any substance that alters psychological functioning.  Substance Abuse ◦ The use of a substance that alters psychological functioning to the extent that it creates difficulties in day- to-day life.  Binge Drinking ◦ Consuming five or more alcoholic drinks on a single occasion.

28. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Adolescents Need More Sleep ◦ Most teens do not get enough sleep. ◦ Delayed phase preference  Depression ◦ Clinical Depression  Causes of Death ◦ The leading cause of death among adolescents in unintentional injury, led by motor vehicle accidents.

29. Copyright © 2010, Pearson Education Inc., All rights reserved.  Adolescent Drivers ◦ For every mile they drive, 16-year-old drivers are seven times more likely to have an accident than 25 – 29 year olds.  Suicide ◦ Adolescents are more likely to attempt suicide when they were born to teenage mothers, suffered from depression, or other psychological disorders, had suicidal thoughts had a friend who attempted suicide, or had low self esteem.