1. Financial Statements Income statement Balance sheet Statement of Retained Earnings Statement of cash flows. Analysis of Financial Statements CHAPTER 4 Financial Statements, Analysis and Planning

2. The Annual Report Two types of information are given in this report. First, there is a verbal section: Second, the annual report presents four basic financial statements—the balance sheet, the income statement, the statement of retained earnings, and the statement of cash flows

3. The Annual Report Balance sheet – provides a snapshot of a firm’s financial position at one point in time. Income statement – summarizes a firm’s revenues and expenses over a given period of time. Statement of retained earnings – shows how much of the firm’s earnings were retained, rather than paid out as dividends. Statement of cash flows – reports the impact of a firm’s activities on cash flows over a given period of time

4. Balance sheet The left-hand side shows the firm’s assets, while the right-hand side shows the liabilities and equity, or the claims against these assets. Balance sheet Assets Liabilities equity

6. Balance Sheet: Assets 20012002 Cash9,000 7,282 S-T invest.48,600 20,000 AR351,200 632,160 Inventories715,200 1,287,360 Total CA1,124,000 1,946,802 Gross FA491,000 1,202,950 Less: Depr.146,200 263,160 Net FA344,800 939,790 Total assets1,468,800 2,886,592

7. What effect did the expansion have on the asset section of the balance sheet? Net fixed assets almost tripled in size. AR and inventory almost doubled. Cash and short-term investments fell.

8. S-T invest. Short Term Investment = AR (Customers)Accounts Receivables CACurrent Assets DeprDepreciation FAFixed Assets Accruals Accounts payable.(Suppliers) Notes payable. Terms

9. Balance Sheet: Liabilities & Equity 20012002 Accts. payable145,600 324,000 Notes payable200,000 720,000 Accruals136,000 284,960 Total CL481,600 1,328,960 Long-term debt323,432 1,000,000 Common stock460,000 460,000 Ret. earnings203,768 97,632 Total equity663,768 557,632 Total L&E1,468,800 2,886,592

10. What effect did the expansion have on liabilities & equity? CL increased as creditors and suppliers “financed” part of the expansion. Long-term debt increased to help finance the expansion. The company didn’t issue any stock. Retained earnings fell, due to the year’s negative net income and dividend payment.

12. Income Statement 20012002 Sales3,432,000 5,834,400 COGS(2,864,000) (4,980,000) Other expenses(340,000) (720,000) Deprec.(18,900) (116,960) Tot. op. costs(3,222,900) (5,816,960) EBIT209,100 17,440 Int. expense62,500 176,000 EBT146,600 (158,560) Taxes (40%)(58,640) 63,424 Net income87,960 (95,136)

13. What happened to sales and net income? Sales increased by over $2.4 million. Costs shot up by more than sales. Net income was negative. However, the firm received a tax refund since it paid taxes of more than $63,424 during the past two years.

14. Statement of Retained Earnings: 2002 Balance of ret. earnings, 12/31/2001203,768 Add: Net income, 2002(95,136) Less: Dividends paid, 2002(11,000) Balance of ret. earnings, 12/31/200297,632

15. Statement of Cash Flows: 2002 Operating Activities Net Income(95,136) Adjustments: Depreciation116,960 Change in AR(280,960) Change in inventories(572,160) Change in AP178,400 Change in accruals148,960 Net cash provided by ops.(503,936)

16. Long-Term Investing Activities Cash used to acquire FA(711,950) Financing Activities Change in S-T invest.28,600 Change in notes payable520,000 Change in long-term debt676,568 Payment of cash dividends(11,000) Net cash provided by fin. act.1,214,168

17. Summary of Statement of CF Net cash provided by ops.(503,936) Net cash to acquire FA(711,950) Net cash provided by fin. act.1,214,168 Net change in cash(1,718) Cash at beginning of year9,000 Cash at end of year7,282

18. What can you conclude from the statement of cash flows? Net CF from operations = -$503,936, because of negative net income and increases in working capital. The firm spent $711,950 on FA. The firm borrowed heavily and sold some short-term investments to meet its cash requirements. Even after borrowing, the cash account fell by $1,718.