2. A Key Verse & Key Responsibility in Understanding the Bible 2 Timothy 2:15 2 Timothy 2:15 – Study to shew thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth. (KJV) – Be diligent to present yourself approved to God, a worker who does not need to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth. (NKJV) – Give diligence to present thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, handling aright the word of truth. (ASV) – Be diligent to present yourself approved to God as a workman who does not need to be ashamed, accurately handling the word of truth. (NASB) – Do your best to present yourself to God as one approved, a worker who has no need to be ashamed, rightly handling the word of truth. (ESV)

3. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Designated as Two Different Covenants Designated as Two Different Covenants The Old TestamentThe New Testament The Old Testament(2 Cor. 3:14)The New Testament(2Cor. 3:6) The first(Heb. 8:13; 9:1,15, 18; 10:9)The second(Heb. 10:9) The new covenant(Mt. 26:28; Heb. 9:15) The new and living way(Heb. 10:20) The old way(Heb. 9:19-23)

4. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Delivered Through Two Different Mediators Delivered Through Two Different Mediators The Old TestamentThe New Testament Godspoke in time past to the fathers by the prophets(Heb. 1:1) In theselast days spokento usby His Son(Heb 1:2) Prophets: Moses & Elijah(Mt. 17:1-5)This is my beloved Son(Mt. 17:5) Mediator: Moses(Gal.3:19; John 1:17)Mediator:Jesus(Heb. 8:6; 9:15; 12:24) “The Law and the Prophets”(Mt. 5:17)Jesus came to “fulfill”(Mt. 5:17)

5. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Nature of the Two Covenants Nature of the Two Covenants The Old TestamentThe New Testament The letter kills(2 Cor. 3:6)The Spirit gives life(2 Cor. 3:6) Ministry of death(2 Cor. 3:7)Ministry of the Spirit(2 Cor. 3:8) Ministry of condemnation(2 Cor. 3:9)Ministryof righteousness(2 Cor. 3:9) Written and engraved on tablets of stones(2 Cor. 3:7) On tablets of flesh, that is, of the heart (2 Cor. 3:3) Glorious(2 Cor. 3:11)Much more glorious(2 Cor. 3:11) Shadow of good things(Heb. 9:1-9)The substance(Heb. 10:1) Not perfect(Heb. 8:8)Perfect law(James 1:25)

6. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Nature of the Two Covenants Nature of the Two Covenants The Old TestamentThe New Testament Circumcision in flesh(Eph. 2:11)Circumcision in heart(Rom. 2:28-29) Circumcision with hands(Eph. 2:11)Circumcision without hands(Col. 2:11) Tabernacle made with hands(Heb. 9:24)Tabernacle made w/o hands(Heb. 9:11) Only Levites were priests (Num. 3, 18) All Christians are priests (1 Peter 2:5-9) Rest in Canaan(Heb. 3:18-19)Rest in heaven(Heb. 4:9-11; Rev. 14:13)

7. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Two Very Different Sacrificial Systems Two Very Different Sacrificial Systems The Old TestamentThe New Testament Changeable priesthood(Heb. 7:12)Unchangeable priesthood(Heb. 7:24) Imperfect priesthood(Heb. 7:12)Perfect Priest(Heb. 7:26) Priests of the tribe of Levi(Heb. 7:5)Christ of the tribeof Judah(Heb. 7:14) Priesthood changed(Heb. 7:13)The law changed(Heb. 7:12) Blood of animals(Heb. 9:19;10:4)Blood of Christ(Heb. 9:14; 1 Pet. 1:19) Many offerings(Heb. 10:11)Christ offered once for all(Heb. 9:28; 10:10-14) Aaron, high priest(Ex. 28-31; Num. 17)Christ, the high priest(Heb. 4:14; 7:26)

8. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Two Very Different Remedies for Sin Two Very Different Remedies for Sin The Old TestamentThe New Testament Madenothing perfect (Heb. 7:19; 10:1) Makes all things perfect(Heb. 10:14) Purgedthe flesh, not the conscience (Heb. 9:9, 13) Purges the conscience(Heb. 9:14) No forgiveness;sins remembered yearly(Heb. 10:3) Sins and iniquitiesremembered no more(Heb. 8:12) Cannot take away sins(Heb.10:4, 11)Saves to the uttermost(Heb. 7:25) Kept itssubjects under acurse; yoke of bondage(Gal.3:10; 5:1) Redeemsman from thecurse; liberty/ freedomin&thruChrist(Gal.3:13; 5:1) Could never justify any man(Gal. 3:11; 5:4) Can justify allmen by means of obedient faith(Gal.3:24; Rom. 3:28)

9. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Two Different Covenants for Two Different Peoples Two Different Covenants for Two Different Peoples The Old TestamentThe New Testament For one nation, Jews only (Deut. 5:2, 3, 15) For all nations(Matt. 28:19; Mk. 16:15) Entered into by physical birth(Jn.8:39)Enteredinto by spiritual birth(John 3:3-5) Fleshly Israelites(Rom. 9:3-5)Spiritual Israelites(Gal. 3:9, 29; 6:16) Gentiles were without hope(Eph. 2:11-13) ThroughChrist, now all men have hope of heaven(Col. 1:5)

10. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Two Different Purposes Two Different Purposes The Old TestamentThe New Testament Given because of sin but could not give life, i.e.,“the law of sin and death”(Gal. 3:19, 21; Rom. 8:2) “The law of the Spirit of life” given to take away sin(Rom. 8:2; Heb.8:12) To prepare man for Christ(Gal. 3:19) To fulfill the “Seed” promise and bless all nations (Gal. 3:19; Gen. 22:18) A schoolmaster/tutorto bring man to Christ(Gal. 3:24) No longer under the schoolmaster/ tutor(Gal. 3:25)

11. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Two Different Durations Two Different Durations The Old TestamentThe New Testament Passing away (2 Cor. 3:11) Remains(2 Cor. 3:11) Veil upon their heart(2 Cor. 3:14)Veil taken away in Christ(2 Cor. 3:14) Hehas made the first obsolete…to vanish away(Heb. 8:13) A new covenant(Heb. 8:13) He takes away the first(Heb. 10:9)That He may establishthe second (Heb. 10:9) Temporary—wasto last only until Christ (Gal. 3:19) Is to continue everlastingly(Rev. 14:6) Abolished, blotted out, nailed to the cross(Eph. 2:14-15; Col.2:14) An eternalcovenant(Heb. 13:20)

13. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Designated as Two Different Covenants Designated as Two Different Covenants The Old TestamentThe New Testament The Old Testament (2 Cor. 3:14)The New Testament (2 Cor. 3:6) The first (Heb. 8:13; 9:1, 15, 18; 10:9)The second (Heb. 10:9) The new covenant (Mt. 26:28; Heb. 9:15) The old way (Heb. 9:19-23)The new and living way (Heb. 10:20)

14. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Delivered Through Two Different Mediators Delivered Through Two Different Mediators The Old TestamentThe New Testament God spoke in time past to the fathers by the prophets (Heb. 1:1) In these last days spoken to us by His Son (Heb 1:2) Prophets: Moses & Elijah (Mt. 17:1-5)This is my beloved Son (Mt. 17:5) Mediator: Moses (Gal. 3:19; John 1:17)Mediator: Jesus (Heb. 8:6; 9:15; 12:24) “The Law and the Prophets” (Mt. 5:17)Jesus came to “fulfill” (Mt. 5:17)

15. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Nature of the Two Covenants Nature of the Two Covenants The Old TestamentThe New Testament The letter kills (2 Cor. 3:6)The Spirit gives life (2 Cor. 3:6) Ministry of death (2 Cor. 3:7)Ministry of the Spirit (2 Cor. 3:8) Ministry of condemnation (2 Cor. 3:9)Ministry of righteousness (2 Cor. 3:9) Written and engraved on tablets of stones (2 Cor. 3:7) On tablets of flesh, that is, of the heart (2 Cor. 3:3) Glorious (2 Cor. 3:11)Much more glorious (2 Cor. 3:11) Shadow of good things (Heb. 9:1-9)The substance (Heb. 10:1)

16. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Nature of the Two Covenants Nature of the Two Covenants The Old TestamentThe New Testament Circumcision in flesh(Eph. 2:11)Circumcision in heart(Rom. 2:28-29) Circumcision with hands(Eph. 2:11)Circumcision without hands(Col. 2:11) Tabernacle made with hands(Heb. 9:24)Tabernacle made w/o hands(Heb. 9:11) Only Levites were priests (Num. 3, 18) All Christians are priests (1 Peter 2:5-9) Rest in Canaan(Heb. 3:18-19)Rest in heaven(Heb. 4:9-11; Rev. 14:13)

17. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Two Very Different Sacrificial Systems Two Very Different Sacrificial Systems The Old TestamentThe New Testament Changeable priesthood (Heb. 7:12)Unchangeable priesthood (Heb. 7:24) Imperfect priesthood (Heb. 7:12)Perfect Priest (Heb. 7:26) Priests of the tribe of Levi (Heb. 7:5) Aaron, high priest (Ex. 28-31; Num. 17) Christ of the tribe of Judah (Heb. 7:14) Christ, the high priest (Heb. 4:14; 7:26) Priesthood changed (Heb. 7:13)The law changed (Heb. 7:12) Blood of animals (Heb. 9:19; 10:4)Blood of Christ (Heb. 9:14; 1 Pet. 1:19) Many offerings (Heb. 10:11)Christ offered once for all (Heb. 9:28; 10:10-14)

18. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Two Very Different Remedies for Sin Two Very Different Remedies for Sin The Old TestamentThe New Testament Made nothing perfect (Heb. 7:19; 10:1) Makes all things perfect (Heb. 10:14) Purged the flesh, not the conscience (Heb. 9:9, 13) Purges the conscience (Heb. 9:14) No forgiveness; sins remembered yearly (Heb. 10:3) Sins and iniquities remembered no more (Heb. 8:12) Cannot take away sins (Heb. 10:4, 11)Saves to the uttermost (Heb. 7:25) Kept its subjects under a curse; yoke of bondage (Gal. 3:10; 5:1) Redeems man from the curse; liberty/ freedom in+thru Christ (Gal. 3:13; 5:1) Could never justify any man (Gal. 3:11; 5:4) Can justify all men by means of obedient faith (Gal. 3:24; Rom. 3:28)

19. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Two Different Covenants for Two Different Peoples Two Different Covenants for Two Different Peoples The Old TestamentThe New Testament For one nation, Jews only (Deut. 5:2, 3, 15) For all nations (Matt. 28:19; Mk. 16:15) Entered into by physical birth (J 8:39 ___________________________) Entered into by spiritual birth (John 3:3-5) Fleshly Israelites (Rom. 9:3-5)Spiritual Israelites (Gal. 3:9, 29; 6:16) Gentiles were without hope (Eph. 2:11-13) Through Christ, now all men have hope of heaven (Col. 1:5)

20. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Two Different Purposes Two Different Purposes The Old TestamentThe New Testament Given because of sin but could not give life, i.e., “the law of sin and death” (Gal. 3:19, 21; Rom. 8:2) “The law of the Spirit of life” given to take away sin (Rom. 8:2; ______) To prepare man for Christ (Gal. 3:19) To fulfill the “Seed” promise and bless all nations (Gal. 3:19; Gen. 22:18) A schoolmaster/tutor to bring man to Christ (Gal. 3:24) No longer under the schoolmaster/ tutor (Gal. 3:25)

21. Must Distinguish Between the Old Testament & the New Testament Two Different Durations Two Different Durations The Old TestamentThe New Testament Passing away (2 Cor. 3:11) Remains (2 Cor. 3:11) Veil upon their heart (2 Cor. 3:14)Veil taken away in Christ (2 Cor. 3:14) He has made the first obsolete…to vanish away (Heb. 8:13) A new covenant (Heb. 8:13) He takes away the first (Heb. 10:9)That He may establish the second (Heb. 10:9) Temporary—was to last only until Christ (Gal. 3:19) Is to continue everlastingly (Rev. 14:6) Abolished, blotted out, nailed to the cross (Eph. 2:14-15; Col. 2:14) An eternal covenant (Heb. 13:20)