1. Mid-Career Development of Librarians Through Advanced Management Training By Dr. Mumtaz A. Anwar Hon. Professor University of the Punjab, Lahore

2. Career Development: National Models Judges: Judicial course will be compulsory for promotion at every level (Jang, 6 May 2012) Senior bureaucrats: Officials who do not complete the compulsory training course will be deprived from promotion (Jang, 13 October 2012) Federal Bureau of Revenue: Training course compulsory for promotion for senior official (Jang, 20 November 2013) Jail officials: Management course compulsory (Jang, 23 May 2013)

3. Survey Methods and Procedures Being conducted in Punjab only Used a 2-page questionnaire 25 senior librarians (Grade 18 and above) from public university libraries - All 40 Senior government college librarians (10+ years of service) – Convenience sampling Response 38 (58.5%) out of 65

4. Table 1, Requirements preferred for promotion to higher salary scales (Mean Scores) Statement of RequirementsUniversity Librarians College Librarians Combined Mean for Both Rank for Both All annual confidential reports for the past five years must be satisfactory 4.244.084.181 A minimum of five years of experience in the lower grade should be required for each step of promotion 4.204.08*4.16**2 The candidate must have attended at least one senior management training course for each step of promotion 3.963.923.953 There should be no adverse reports on the candidate’s performance during the past five years 3.923.623.824 At least one research-based paper should be required for each step of promotion from grade 18 and above 2.883.002.925 A Ph. D. in LIS should be required for promotion from 19 to 20 2.603.152.796 An M. Phil. in LIS should be required for promotion from 18 to 19 2.562.622.587

5. Table 2, Essential skills preferred for promotion / selection (Mean Scores) Statement of SkillsUniversity Librarians College Librarians Combined Mean for Both Rank for Both Possessing writing skills to prepare policies, plans, and reports 4.564.074.391 Possessing management skills to run the organization effectively 4.523.774.262 Possessing skills to prepare and manage projects 4.363.774.163 Possessing communication skills for negotiations and making presentations 4.124.004.084 Possessing financial managements skills to prepare and mange budget 4.123.83*4.03**5 Possessing ability to conduct research 3.643.383.556

6. Table 3, Importance of management training course for promotion (Mean Score) Management Training CoursesUniversity Librarians College Librarians Combined Mean for Both Rank for Both Official / business writing/ communication 4.644.234.501 Management of human relations4.483.924.292 Budgeting and financial management4.483.694.213 Evaluation and measurement4.323,92*4.19**4 Strategic planning and execution4.323.83*4.16**5 Space planning and management4.243.854.116 Project development and management 4.163.924.087

7. Should management courses be made a requirement for promotion / selection RequirementUniversity librarians (21) College Librarians (13) Total Yes14 (66.7%)7 (33.3%)21 No7 (53.8%)6 (46.2%)13 Total21 (61.8%)13 (38.2%)34

8. Table 4, Institutions preferred to offer management training courses? (Mean Scores) Institutions to offer management training courses University Librarians College Librarians Combined Mean for Both Rank for Both A public university that offers M.Phil., Ph.D. and has at least 3 full-time faculty members with Ph.D. 3.724.25*3.89**1 A public university that offers M.Phil. and Ph.D. 3.844.00*3.89**1 A public university that offers an MLIS programme 3.523.58*3.54**2 Any university whether public or private that offers at least an MLIS programme 3.483.463.473

9. What next: Recommendations Do we need researchers or managers with advanced managerial training? What is needed? 1.Advanced managerial training compulsory for any promotions from grade 18 onwards 2.Such an arrangement to be made part of the service structure 3.A post-master educational set-up in one or more public universities, guaranteeing quality and standards, focusing on advanced managerial and specialized education parallel to other professional models This process will create good leaders and managers