1. UNIT III ADJECTIVES
An adjective is a word that modifies a noun or pronoun by describing, identifying, or quantifying. An adjective is placed before a noun which it modifies. A noun, pronoun, participle phrase, and articles (the, a, an) can also act as an adjective.

2. The kinds of adjectives are:
Examples
1. Possessive Adjective
My, his, her, your, our, etc
2. Demonstrative Adjective
This, that, these, those, etc
3. Indefinite Adjective
Any, many , some, several, etc
4. Interrogative Adjective
Which, what, whose, etc
5. Present participle Adjectives
Walking, reading, cooking, etc
6. Past participle Adjectives
Written, polished, painted
7. Adjective of Quality
Good, red, tall, stupid, etc.

3. 1. Possessive Adjective
They are: my, your, his, her, its, our, or their.
In this case it has the same function as possessive pronoun.
Examples:
a. Her new program is ‘stolen’ by a new programmer in her office.
b. Your friend seems very nice.
c. There are many students who show their English ability.

4. 2. Demonstrative Adjectives
The demonstrative adjective is similar with demonstrative pronoun. They are: this, these, that, and those.
Examples:
My father bought this house two years
ago.
2. Those books are yours, while these pens
are hers.
3. Do you recognize that charming girl?

5. 3. Interrogative Adjectives
An interrogative adjective (which, what, whose) is similar with interrogative pronoun.
Examples:
a. Which T-shirt do you want to buy?
b. What colour do you want to paint your house?
c. Whose umbrella is this?

6. 4. Indefinite Adjectives
Indefinite adjective is the same with indefinite pronoun. They are: any, many, some, few, all, and several.
Examples:
He has many books of computer programming
system.
b. There are few deer in my father house.
c. I hope all students get A score for English subject.

7. 5. Present Participle
Present participle can be placed before a noun or between two nouns.
Examples:
waiting room
writing book
walking stick
a new reading book
a factory producing cars
a man watching television.

8. 6. Past participle Past Participle is placed before a noun . Examples:
polished chairs
written law
painted table

9. 7.Adjective of Quality
My sister plants several red rose flowers in her garden.
A good dictionary contains a complete description.
His house is surrounded with tall trees.
Los Angeles is a big city.

10. The usage of Much, many, little, few, a lot of, plenty
Much n little followed by uncountable nouns.
Exp: Much time, much luck, much money much ink much rice little energy, little money
Many and few with plural nouns.
Exp: Many friend many people many books few cars, few countries.

11. Degrees of Comparison Regular Adjectives
Positive
Comparative
Superlative
One syllable
+ er
+ est
Big
Tall
Clean
Cold
High
Low
Weak
Bigger
Taller
Cleaner
Colder
Higher
Lower
Weaker
Biggest
Tallest
Cleanest Coldest
Highest
Lowest
Weakest

12. Two syllables + er +est more + most + Nice Busy Pretty Funny Easy Lazy
Wide
Correct
Complete
Careful
Modern
Nicer
Busier
Prettier
Funnier
Easier
Lazier
Wider
Nicest
Busiest
Prettiest
Funniest
Easiest
Laziest
Widest
more +
most +
more correct
more complete
more careful
more modern
most correct
most complete
most careful
most modern

13. 3/more syllables more+ most +
Difficult
Expensive
Beautiful
Handsome
Important
More difficult
More expensive
More beautiful
More handsome
More important
Most difficult
Most expensive
Most beautiful
Most handsome
Most important

14. Irregular Adjectives Positive Comparative Superlative Good Well Bad
Ill
Much
Many
Little
Small
Old
Late
Far
Better
Worse
More
Less
Smaller
Elder
Latter
Farther
Further
Best
Worst
Most
Least
Smallest
Eldest
Latest
Farthest
Furthest

15. Notes:
We use the form ‘as…as’, ‘not…as’, or ‘not so…as’ to compare two persons/things are equal.
We use the comparative with ‘than’ to compare two unequal persons or things.
We use the superlative with ‘the…of’ or ‘the…in’ to compare three or more persons or things.
The prepositional phrase can be inverted.
The is used twice, once before each comparative.
Like and alike have the same meanings but are used differently.
a. Alike follows the entities being compared.
b. Like is used at the beginning of the comparison or
between the two entities being compared.

16. She is as tall as her sister. I can run as fast as you.
We use the form ‘as…as’, ‘not…as’, or ‘not so…as’ to compare two persons/things are equal.
Examples:
She is as tall as her sister.
I can run as fast as you.
Dodyk’s score is not as good as Bagus’.
His house is not as large as his brother’s.
He is not so handsome as he thinks.
Bill is not so smart as Wendy.

17. Detric is more beautiful than Dotic.
2.We use the comparative with ‘than’ to compare two unequal persons or things.
Examples:
Detric is more beautiful than Dotic.
Heavy’s face is brighter than BCL.
Afgan sings more sweetly than Rafly.
Rommel is heavier than Vaundra.

18. This is the most interesting of the three books.
3. We use the superlative with ‘the…of’ or ‘the…in’ to compare three or more persons or things.
This is the most interesting of the three books.
The hall is the largest room in Blue building.
Goris is the oldest in his class.
Is Tokyo the biggest city in the world?

19. 4. The prepositional phrase can be inverted.
Examples:
Of all the months, August is the hottest.
Of the three brothers, Peter is the quietest.
Of all the students in this class, Teddy did the homework.

20. 5. The is used twice, once before each comparative.
Examples:
I’ll come as early as possible.
The sooner the better.
b. Ann complains a lot.
The more she complains the less people listen.

21. 5 a. Alike follows the entities being compared.
Example:
Jane and her sister dressed alike.
My mother and my aunt are alike in many ways.
The two words hour and our are pronounced alike.
The two girls look much alike.

22. Like her sister Jane wears jeans all the time.
5 b. Like is used at the beginning of the comparison or between the two entities being compared.
Examples:
Like her sister Jane wears jeans all the time.
Tammy dresses like her sister.
Final examination like middle test is created by the teacher.

23. The position of adjectives
usually, an adjective is placed before the noun it describes, e.g. red dress, clever boy.
An adjective also comes after the word described when:
a. It is after the verb ‘to be’. The moon was bright.
b. It is after the words like,’seem’, ‘appear’, ‘look’, ‘grow’,
‘become’ e.g. He looks annoyed. She seems tired.
c. It is followed by a descriptive phrase, usually with a
preposition, e.g. We bought a vase designed with
dragons. The man was accused of murder.