1. 19 Oct 20061 NIKHEF update 3 lines of attack: 1)Heating (Mod 30) 3 days at 45 C, 4 days at 48 C Q1: Change in geometry, gas tightness, gain? Q2: Effect on ageing? 2)Flushing (Mod 2) Improves rapidly, but suddenly worse Q: why?? 3)HV training (Mod 3) Damage reappears after 200 hrs Q: 200hrs of irradiation, or time constant?

2. 19 Oct 20062 1) Heating Mod 30 Setup

3. 19 Oct 20063 1) Heating Mod 30 Temperature: 1 st heating 3 days Procedure 1)Module 30 is heated while flushing with CO 2 2)One day at 35C 3)3 days at 48 C 4)4 days at 48 C Logbook 22-29SepMeasure dimension, gas tightness 29Sep35C1 day 29Sep-2 Oct48C3 days 2-4 OctMeasure dimension, gas tightness 4 OctFlush 24 hrs, then irradiate 6-10 Oct48C>4 days 10 OctMeasure dimension, gas tightness 10 OctFlush 24 hrs, then irradiate Sep29 Oct 2

4. 19 Oct 20064 1) Heating Mod 30 Temperature: 2 nd heating 4 days Procedure 1)Module 30 is heated while flushing with CO 2 2)One day at 35C 3)3 days at 48 C 4)4 days at 48 C Logbook 22-29SepMeasure dimension, gas tightness 29Sep35C1 day 29Sep-2 Oct48C3 days 2-4 OctMeasure dimension, gas tightness 4 OctFlush 24 hrs, then irradiate 6-10 Oct48C>4 days 10 OctMeasure dimension, gas tightness 10 OctFlush 24 hrs, then irradiate Oct 5 Oct 6

5. 19 Oct 20065 1) Heating Mod 30 Geometry: Flatness Flatness: Module is flat to +/- 200 μm Change after heating <100 μm Before After Row III II I

6. 19 Oct 20066 1) Heating Mod 30 Geometry: Length Length: Module shrinked by 1.03±0.10mm Module shrinked by additional 0.38±0.10mm  These shifts are easily seen by eye… DateabAverage (a+b)/2 Nominal: 2.46mm Delta 22Sep 3.692.883.28 +0.82 25Sep 3.553.213.38 +0.92 3 Oct 2.742.032.38 -0.08 5 Oct 2.272.162.21 -0.25 10 Oct 2.301.551.92 -0.54 12.92mm 8.0mm a b module table a+b/2

7. 19 Oct 20067 1) Heating Mod 30 Geometry: Width Width: Module shrinked by 100 μm +/- 50 μm

8. 19 Oct 20068 1) Heating Mod 30 Geometry: Shape Before After Consistency check of decreased width: ~ -100μm Shape: Straight within +/-100μm

9. 19 Oct 20069 1) Heating Mod 30 Gas Tightness Before 1 st heating 2 nd heating DateLeakage Flow (l/s) 22Sep1.5 10 -5 25Sep1.1 10 -5 3 Oct2.8 10 -5 5 Oct0.4 10 -5 10 Oct4.0 10 -5 10 Oct1.8 10 -5 Gas tightness: OK, Unchanged: 1.5 10 -5 l/s ± 1.5 10 -5 l/s Corresponding to 0.007mb/min

10. 19 Oct 200610 1) Heating Mod 30 Ageing Sep 4, after 6 days of flushing Sep 19, after HV training Oct 4, after 3 days at 48 C Ageing: No sign of improvement after 3+4 days at 48 C! Module became very noisy?? Oct 11, after 3+4 days at 48 C Scan after Scan before

11. 19 Oct 200611 Conclusions: Module 30 follows initial pattern from mod 2 What happened with module 2 ??  Briefly opened when moved from setup to setup  Gas had finished before worsening of module 2  Flushing is only temporary benificial !?   similar for heating?? 2) Long term flushing Module 63 36.2 m 3 Compare to result from Heidelberg: 100 days M002 ?!? Heating of M030!?

12. 19 Oct 200612 2) Long term flushing dips in Module 3? History:  21Mar – 12Apr:  28Mar-11Apr: opened module  15Apr – 23May:  25Apr-10May: played with water bottle  10May-15May: module not connected  23May – 19Jun:  6Jun: Change Ar bottle  6Jun – 19 Jun: Addition of O 2  19Jun-15Aug  20Jun-14Jul: module not connected ModDateLocI(nA)Time (hrs) 13B18Jancleanroom19015 23B23FebLab15015 33B21MarLab15021.5 43B12AprLab15015 53A15AprLab18023 63A23MayLab14022 73A19JunLab15016 83A15AugLab15020 28Mar: opened module during 14days 10May: opened module during 5days 6Jun: flushed with 4% O 2 for 13days 20Jun: opened module during 24days

13. 19 Oct 200613 3) HV training Gas flow Conditions:  Flow: Ar/CO 2 70/30, 20 l/hr  Irradiation: 2mCu, 90 Sr source  Sequence: 1)HV training ~40 hrs 1870 and 1920V 2)Irradiate 340 hrs 3)HV training 18 hrs 1910 V Conclusions:  A second HV training helps again 340 hrs After HV Lower? 2 nd HV training1 st HV training NB: 700 hrs ~ 2.5 10 6 s ~ 3 months nominal LHC 340+350 hrs Rel.gain 3 rd HV training Lower??

14. 19 Oct 200614 3) HV training Question: 1)Does it prevent ageing during 200 hrs of irradiation 2)Or does it prevent ageing for 200 hrs of flushing…  It looks like 1)  But untrained part improves!? 2 nd HV training1 st HV training3 rd HV training 8 days of flushing 3 days of flushing ?? Gain indeed went up Ratio 10Oct/3 Oct: 3Oct 29Sep -3Oct 10Oct

15. 19 Oct 200615 3) HV training Question: Is ageing also prevented at previously unirradiated spots (pos. 190cm) ?  Marginally… This seems in contradiction with measurements of Aug 20 on unirradiated spot (pos. 200cm) 20hrs 96hrs Deepest point Integrated loss over surface

16. 19 Oct 200616 1) Heating Mod 30: high currents cured? After heating: many channels with high current 1)Loose wire tension? (shorter module?) 2)Loose wire tension? (loose soldering?) 3)Deformation of straw? 4)Humidity in module? 5)Broken feedthrough board? After additional 3 days of flushing: high currents disappeared! Scan after heating: Scan after heating and additional 3 days of flushing:

17. 19 Oct 200617 Development of Currents: ch1; the side

18. 19 Oct 200618 Development of Currents: ch64; the side

19. 19 Oct 200619 Development of Currents: ch33; irradiated

20. 19 Oct 200620 Development of Currents: ch27; ?

21. 19 Oct 200621 1) Heating Mod 30 Ageing Sep 4, after 6 days of flushing Sep 19, after HV training Oct 4, after 3 days at 48 C Ageing: No sign of improvement after 3+4 days at 48 C! Module became very noisy?? Oct 11, after 3+4 days at 48 C Oct 16, 7days heating +4days flushing

22. 19 Oct 200622 Ageing after Heating+Flushing Ageing: No sign of improvement after 3+4 days at 48 C Some improvement after flushing, but is it more than expected?  Slope is nicely steep  But is there a factor 5? 3+4 days heating +4 days flushing 3+4 days heating (heated module)

23. 19 Oct 200623 A closer look: compare (using deepest point definition) 3+4 days heating +4 days flushing 3+4 days heating Conclusion? 11 days heating +3 days flushing Heidelberg 17 days heating

24. 19 Oct 200624 A closer look: compare using HD definition 3+4 days heating +4 days flushing 3+4 days heating HD: ~90hrs 55 Fe NI: ~20hrs 90 Sr Conclusion? Is there a steeper slope when we heat ? 11 days heating +3 days flushing Heidelberg 17 days heating

25. 19 Oct 200625 Summary HD – NIKHEF data HD: ~90hrs 55 Fe Mod 20 and Mod 7 heated Mod 7: 186 hr irradiation! NI: ~20hrs 90 Sr Mod 20+7 have steeper slope?? NB: Mod 7 2x the irradiation Mod 7 Mod 20

26. 19 Oct 200626 3.2m Module: an oldy… What is the 3.2m module?  Construction date: 2001  Used in 2001 testbeam for TDR  Straws glued to panels with Araldite or Stycast?? 16 channels connected LHCb-2001-098

27. 19 Oct 200627 Irradiating 3.2m Mod 20 hrs 20+22 hrs 23 hrs 118 hrs Gas flow Two irradiations, 2 mCu  44 hrs  118 hrs  very little damage 164 hrs

28. 19 Oct 200628 Irradiation 3.2m Mod  very little damage  3.2m: 15% after 200hrs  Mod3: 35% after 200hrs Progressing in time Independent of definition Compare to F-mod 3: 3.2 m module (2001):