1. Immigrants and Precarious Employment, Public Outreach Project Overview of Data Meeting with Partners Sept. 26, 2008

2. Outline/Agenda Concept maps Measuring precarious work IPW over time Unpacking IPW over time Relationship between selected variables and IPW (for current job)

3. Concept Map: Differential Social Inclusion Social Inclusion Immigration Status Language/ Accent Human Capital Socioeconomic Status Pre-migration & Canada Racialization and racism Time in Canada Government Policy Social Networks Neighbourhood Transnational Commitments Family Household Gender Civic Engagement volunteering Income Employment: Precarious? Social Citizenship use of services Ethnic-racial identity

4. Concept Map: Immigrants Precarious Work Current Work Networks Pre-migration (T1)Early Settlement (T2)Current (T4) Early Work Pre-Migration Work Resources & Obligations Strategies 1 Stable Job (T3) Education; Civic Engagement; Volunteering Class, education, social capital, language Personal Networks Institutionally Mediated Networks Household composition, TN obligations

5. Precarious Work Multi-dimensional Primary indicators - work based, terms of employment Secondary indicators, health

6. Dimensions of Precarious Employment Primary Indicators from literature –Terms of employment (contract/subcontracting, not permanent, PT, tied to one employer, temp. agency) –Self employment (“consultant,” small family business) –Stability, predictability (know schedule?) –Location of work (stable, shifting) –Form of payment (cash, check) –Basis for pay (salary, hourly, piece work) –Unionization –Benefits/coverage Secondary indicators Dangerous, health impacts? Opportunities for advancement?

7. Our Index of Precarious Work (IPW) 4 points in time: –Pre-migration –First year - early settlement –First stable job Possible that FSJ = Job1 –Current job (job 1, job 2, job 3)

8. First Stable Job and Current Job IPW - 7 Variables Contract type (all except long term renewable & union) Work arrangement (not self-employed [small N] or ft/pt for employer) How found job (temp agency) Place of work (R’s home/employer's home) Basis for pay (for job/contract or piece work) Form of payment (cash) Schedule (changes by day/wk/mth)

9. Early Work Experience IPW - 7 Variables Paid in cash (all or some of the time) Temporary, short term contract (yes) Temp agency (yes) Day labour (yes) Piece work (yes) Full time worker fixed hours (NO) Plan schedule week in advance (sometimes or never)

10. Pre Migration IPW - 5 Variables Union (no) Self-employed (yes) Opportunities for advancement (no) Could not support myself/family (agree/strongly agree) Could not find a job in my field (agree/strongly agree)

11. IPW Distributions

12. Current Job 1 IPW Distribution

13. Early Work IPW Distribution

14. IPW Means

15. Pre-migration IPW

16. IPW over time, total sample

17. IPW over time, by region

18. IPW over time: gender and region subgroups

19. Unpacking the IPW over time Do the components of the IPW vary over time?

22. Composition of IPW over time - stacked

23. Composition of IPW over time - overall

24. Immigrants & Precarious Work Precarious in early work experience Improves in FSJ, mixed outcomes for current job Origin differences sharper than by gender High precariousness for Caribbean men in early work Question: how important are terms of employment for precarious lives?

25. Age and IPW - current job

26. Occupation

27. IPW - occupation & gender

28. Occupations over time

29. What happens to pre-migration professionals over time?

30. Income

31. Income - IPW means

32. PW: strategies = resources and obligations + networks Resources and Obligations: –Education, entrance status, language –Household composition, TN family, remittances Personal & Institutional Networks: –Personal networks on arrival, over time –Institutional contact, advice, social service agencies Strategies: mobilization of resources & networks –Education, credential recognition, volunteering and similar efforts in Canada

33. Strategies - In what follows we present exploratory analysis regarding strategies. Note that work following the outline in slide 32 is underway.

34. Strategy: education, training

35. Strategies: education by origin

36. Vwork - IPW by # hours

37. Strategy: Vwork

38. Next steps… Continue analysis Compare to census data (Ornstein report, Gender and Work Database) Explore links with TIEDE project

39. Next steps - today Community working group –Breakout groups to define audiences, media, content, process Policy working group –Define priority issues, policies, campaigns and timeline

40. The rest of the presentation is under construction…