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Published byPatricia Chapman Modified over 9 years ago
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History of Atomic Model Democritus: atoms – tiny particles of matter Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle: earth, wind, fire and water John Dalton: Atomic Theory Berzelius: name and symbol
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J.J. Thomson: electron (Cathode Rays), small, e -, move rapidly. Rutherford: nucleus (Gold Foil), solid, +, small Neils Bohr: Solar system model, e-: planets, nucleus: sun,
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Moseley: p+, large, +, held in nucleus C. Chadwick: n 0, large, neutral, mass of a neutron is 1.675 x 10 -27 kg Joliet: 1 st synthetic element (Tc – 99)
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Modern chart IUPAC: Regulates the Periodic chart changes Robert Millikan: mass of an electron is 9.109 x 10 –31 kg (oil-drop experiment)
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Experiments Cathode Ray
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Experiment Gold Foil
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PARTS OF THE ATOM NUCLEUS PROTON(S) + CHARGE, 1 amu, NEUTRON(S) 0 CHARGE, 1 amu ENERGY LEVELS ELECTRON(S) - CHARGE, 0 amu
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Parts of the atom Nucleus Protons &neutrons Energy levels Electrons
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Atomic Symbol Atomic symbol 15 protons + neutrons N Symbol 7 protons ( also #of electrons ) Atomic Diagram
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ATOMIC DIAGRAM BASIC DIAGRAM OF LOCATION OF PARTICLES Nucleus p n Energy levels e
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Atomic Diagram p + 7 n 0 8 p + 7 e - 7 2e - 5e - n 0 8
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Isotopes Differ in the # of neutrons Hydrogen1 protium (most common, natural) p + 1 e - 1 n 0 0
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Hydrogen 2 deuterium (naturally occurring) p + 1 e - 1 n 0 1 Hydrogen-2
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Hydrogen - 3 Hydrogen 3 tritium (man-made 1930’s) p + 1 e - 1 n 0 2 Uses in heavy water
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Terms Avogadro: molecular volume theory (mol) Avogadro’s # 6.022x10²³ Atomic # number of protons Atomic Mass protons + neutrons Molar Mass mass of 1.00 moles of an element in grams
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Mole Math Equivalent statements 1.00mole = one Molar Mass 1.00mole = 6.022x10²³ 1.00 mole = 22.4 Liters of a gas at STP Therefore they equal each other.
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Math set - up How many grams in 2.35 moles of zinc? molar mass 2.35 mol Zn 65g ÷ 1.00 mol × = 152.75 sig fig = 153g of Zn
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