1. University of Utah 1 Web Browsers WorldWideWeb -First one, by Tim Berners-Lee

2. University of Utah 2 Web Browsers Viola (1991) -first “popular” graphical browser http://www.xcf.berkeley.edu/~wei/viola/violaHome.html

3. University of Utah 3 Web Browsers Viola (1991) -first “popular” graphical browser -but it didn’t start as a web browser!

4. University of Utah 4 Hypercard Inspiration for Viola First popular “hypertext” program Included with MacOS 6 (1987) http://www.mactech.com/articles/mactech/Vol.03/03.10/HyperCardProgramming/

5. University of Utah 5 Mosaic Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina University of Illinois NCSA -“National Center for Supercomputing Applications” First cross-platform graphical browser (1993) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Mosaic_6beta_screenshot.png

6. University of Utah 6 Mosaic Commercialization? -University of Illinois says “No.” Marc Andreessen leaves NCSA -founds Netscape with Jim Clark (1994) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Netscape_classic_logo.png

7. University of Utah 7 Lesson Learned Technology is valuable But the people who create that technology are even more valuable. -Think EDVAC!

8. University of Utah 8 Netscape Netscape Navigator 1.0 (1994) More features than Mosaic -better rendering engine -multithreaded loading Becomes most popular browser http://www.appscout.com/2007/07/web_10_lives_the_browser_emula_1.php

9. University of Utah 9 Netscape Netscape Navigator 2 (1996)‏ -adds an email client -adds JavaScript support

10. University of Utah 10 10 Netscape Netscape Navigator 2 (1996) -adds an email client -adds JavaScript support Netscape Communicator 4 (1997) -still most popular browser, but trouble is on the horizon...

11. University of Utah 11 11 Spyglass Spyglass, Inc. (1990) -commercialization arm of NCSA -handles commercial distribution of Mosaic

12. University of Utah 12 12 Microsoft Build or buy? Microsoft licenses Mosaic code from Spyglass, Inc. -Basis of Internet Explorer

13. University of Utah 13 13 Microsoft Build or buy? Microsoft licenses Mosaic code from Spyglass, Inc. -Basis of Internet Explorer Irony!

14. University of Utah 14 14 Internet Explorer Version 1.0 (1995) Included as part of “Windows 95 Plus!” -No tables or graphics http://www.microsoft.com/windows/ie/community/columns/historyofie.mspx

15. University of Utah 15 15 Internet Explorer Version 2.0 (1995) -JavaScript, frames, cookies... http://www.microsoft.com/windows/ie/community/columns/historyofie.mspx

16. University of Utah 16 16 Internet Explorer Version 3.0 (1996) -At last, serious competition to Netscape! -Bundled with later versions of Windows 95 http://www.microsoft.com/windows/ie/community/columns/historyofie.mspx

17. University of Utah 17 17 Internet Explorer Version 4.0 (1997) -Bundled with Windows 98 -Integrated into operating system http://www.microsoft.com/library/media/1033/technet/images/archive/ie/maintain/etn97b1a_big.gif

18. University of Utah 18 18 Editorial Commentary IE 3 was beginning of end for Netscape -How do you compete with something that is bundled with OS?

19. University of Utah 19 19 Editorial Commentary Spyglass License -Microsoft pays Spyglass royalties for “non- Windows” sales of IE -Not a good deal for Spyglass...

20. University of Utah 20 20 Browser Wars 1995 - 1998 Netscape and IE try to out-do each other on features -era of unstable, buggy products

21. University of Utah 21 21 Mozilla Netscape 4.x code is quirky and hard to maintain Makes “version 5” open source (1998) -Mozilla Foundation

22. University of Utah 22 22 A Twist AOL acquires Netscape (1998) -Why?

23. University of Utah 23 23 Mozilla Open source NOT a cure-all Mozilla project stretches on for 4 years with little visible progress -“feature creep”

24. University of Utah 24 24 Mozilla Open source NOT a cure-all Mozilla project stretches on for 4 years with little visible progress -“feature creep” AOL gets impatient!

25. University of Utah 25 25 Netscape 6 AOL wants to release something (2000) Awful. -Based on Mozilla 0.6 Further eroded Netscape’s market share

26. University of Utah 26 26 Netscape 7 Finally, a nice browser! (2002) -Based on Mozilla 1.0 But by then it was too late...

27. University of Utah 27 27 Market Share

28. University of Utah 28 28 Aftermath A time of stagnation -Netscape 4.7 (1999 – 2002) -IE 5 (1999 – 2001) -IE 6 (2001 - 2006)

29. University of Utah 29 29 Firefox Dave Hyatt and Blake Ross created a small browser from Mozilla codebase (2003) -Phoenix -Firebird -Firefox

30. University of Utah 30 30 Browser Wars continue Part I -Netscape vs Internet Explorer Part II -Firefox vs Internet Explorer

31. University of Utah 31 31 Administrative Sign up for presentations Re-screening

32. University of Utah 32 32 “Test Question” On a scrap of paper, write a question that encapsulates one of the points from today's class, and turn it in. (Put your name on it!)