1.  Six Approaches

2.  Six Approaches

3. Which is the stronger influence on you?

4.  Behavior as the result of nervous system functions & biology  Nature vs Nurture o Ivan Pavlov & Charles Darwin  Advantages o Using biological aspects of behavior can help develop treatment (drugs) for some disorders  Disadvantages o Does not take in account environmental influences

5.  Nervous System: o Responsible for our behavior; Specifically abnormal and immediate responses  Genes also play a part  Anatomy/Biology o Solely responsible for human behavior.  Criticisms o Ignores mental processes o Explains too little of human behavior, rejects environmental influences

6.  Six Approaches

7.  Behavior viewed as strongly influenced by the rules and expectations of specific social groups (society) or cultures o Albert Bandura  Different cultures have different: o Beliefs, manners, normative behaviors, and practices o Within these varying cultures around the world, different societies exist o Our culture teaches us BEHAVIOR  Advantages o Helps to understand different cultures and to understand social influences on behavior  Disadvantages o Does not look at biology or self

8.  Examines how cultural and political (religious) experience effect our everyday life  Gender influences of behavior  Job opportunities to influence people’s goals and ambitions

9.  Cultural Values/Political Systems: How norms and social influences affect behavior

10.  Ambition/Goals/Values: o Environments influence on one’s long-term ambitions.  Criticisms: o Underestimated personal and overestimated social influences on our behavior. o Makes broad generalizations about ethnic groups and cultures.

11.  Founded in 1892 o the governing body of all research not conducted by universities.

12.  First president of the APA, established the first psychological lab in the U.S. in 1883, at Johns Hopkins University.  Started the American Psychological Journal (1887) now the American Journal of Psychology.