1. Chapter 2- Section3 Indus valley

2. 2500-1500 BC Much known/left behind by Mesopotamia/Egypt Cuneiform,Hieroglyphics,Hammurabi,pyra mid Not so for this culture,due to language never having been deciphered

3. Indian sub-continent Pakistan Bangladesh Part of India

4. Natural Barriers Highest mountains in the world Hindu Kush Karakorum Himalayas Serve to separate this area from the rest of Asia

5. Natural Barriers Large desert to east protects this valley from invasion

6. Indus and Ganges rivers The huge fertile plain that is formed by these two rivers is guarded by the natural barriers

7. Farming Tigris/Euphrates Nile Indus/Ganges All of these rivers deposit silt after flooding which leaves land fertile

8. Monsoons October-February June – October Powerful storms! Much flooding!

9. Monsoons, cont. If monsoons do not come-there is drought If they are too severe-crops are destroyed Mesopotamia/Egypt did not have to worry about this! Indus river also floods, and it is very unpredictable Who wants to live here?

10. Emerging Civilization Earliest people-7000B.C.-3200B.C. Where did they come from? Historians not sure No Rosetta stone for their language Never been deciphered We rely on artifacts to tell the story

11. Harappan Civilization Started about 2500B.C. About the time Egypt was building the pyramids Over 100 settlements in this area(Indus valley)

12. What sets these people apart? PLANNING! Strong centralized gov’t Grid system for streets Uniform brick size Sewers/plumbing Bathrooms in house! 3 story houses City districts/walls

13. Religion Mesopotamia-Ziggurat Egypt-Pyramid Harrappans-Citadel

14. Religion,con’t. Artifacts suggest one religion Theocracy? Shiva(a major Hindu god) has been found in excavations

15. Harappan culture Agricultural based Traders River linked to ocean Traveled far!

16. Culture on the decline What happened? Earthquakes Floods 1970’s science suggests some of each Result was to alter the course of the river

17. No river-Now what? No trade No transportation No farming Cities/settlements vanish

18. Things to remember This area is called the Indian sub-continent Pakistan/Bangladesh/part of India Monsoons and effects Harappans No Rosetta stone to decipher language How city was planned How they ended Trade items-cotton,gold,silver,brightly colored cloth