1. Immigration & Urbanization 1877-1900
Created by Mr. Johnson

2. Objective
5.01 – Evaluate the influence of immigration and rapid industrialization on urban life.

3. Key Terms Elevator Electric Trolleys Telephone Alexander Graham Bell
Phonograph
Thomas Edison
Typewriter
Jacob Riis
How the Other Half Lives
Jane Addams
Settlement Houses
Hull House
Culture Shock
Ellis Island
Angel Island
Dumbbell Tenements
Chinese Exclusion Act
Sweatshops
Amusement Parks
Spectator Sports
New Immigration
Old Immigration
Frederick Law Olmstead
Melting Pot
Salad Bowl
Cultural Pluralism
Nativism

4. Mark Twain – “The Gilded Age”

5. Robber Barons

6. Conspicuous Consumption

7. Rising Tide of Immigration

8. Immigration & Urbanization

9. Old Immigration

10. New Immigration

11. New Immigration

12. Why They Came
Job Opportunities
Homestead Act
Anti-Semitism

13. The Journey
Ocean Liners
Traveling in Steerage
Into the Unknown

14. ARRIVAL Physical Exams Quarantine Name Changes Culture Shock
Video – Edison Motion Pictures

15. Medical Exams & Quarantine

16. Ellis Island, NY

17. Ellis Island, NY

18. Statue of Liberty, 1886

19. Statue of Liberty Torch Seven Spires Stone Tablet “The New Colossus”
Light & hope
Seven Spires
“Seven Seas”
Stone Tablet
July IV MDCCLXXVI
“The New Colossus”

20. The New Colossus
Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame, With conquering limbs astride from land to land; Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame. "Keep ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" —Emma Lazarus, 1883

21. Angel Island, San Francisco

22. Japanese “Picture Brides”

23. Nativism

24. American Party
“Know-Nothings”

25. Nativist Laws Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) National Origin Quotas
Restricted immigration from China
National Origin Quotas
Gentlemen’s Agreement – U.S./Japan (1907)
U.S. agrees to allow Japanese immigrants into U.S. public schools
Japan promises to restrict immigration
Webb Alien Land Law (1913)
California law
Prohibits aliens from owning land

26. Thomas Nast: Catholic INvasion

27. Thomas Nast: Irish Mob Rule

28. Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882

29. Immigration Today

30. New Ethnic Neighborhoods

31. Melting Pot Assimilation
Theories of Culture
Melting Pot Assimilation
Salad Bowl Pluralism

32. Chinatown
San Francisco
Los Angeles
New York City

33. Hester Street

34. St. Patrick’s Cathedral

35. St. Patrick’s Cathedral

36. “Little Italy”

37. The Lives of Immigrants

38. Tenements One or more families living in a small apartment
Poor sanitation & ventilation

39. Tenements

40. Tenements

41. Dumbbell Tenement

42. Immigrant Families

43. Sweatshops
Urban factories with poor wages & working conditions

44. Jacob Riis How the Other Half Lives (1890)
Described the working and living conditions of immigrants
First “muckraker”

45. Jane Addams Settlement houses Hull House, Chicago
Educated, trained Americans
Living in poor immigrant communities
Art, education, economic development
Hull House, Chicago

46. Hull House

47. Horatio Alger Dime Novels The American Dream Honesty & hard work
“Rags to riches” stories

48. Eight hours for what we will.”
Labor Stirrings
“Eight hours for work,
Eight hours for rest,
Eight hours for what we will.”

49. “Gotham” New York City

50. Skyscrapers Office buildings Symbols of the corporations themselves
Architects
Function
Aesthetics

51. Bessemer Process
Steel vs. iron
Lighter
stronger
Skyscrapers
Bridges

52. Early Skyscrapers

53. Flatiron Building

54. Elevators

55. Grand Central Station

56. Electric Trolleys

57. Brooklyn Bridge
John A. Roebling, architect

58. “America’s Second City” Chicago

59. Railway Exchange & Central YMCA

60. Louis Sullivan

61. Bayard-Condict Building

62. Transportation Building

63. Carson, Pirie, Scott Dept. Store

64. Sport, Leisure & Consumerism

65. Frederick Law Olmstead
Public Parks
Central Park, NY
Prospect Park, NY
Niagara Reservation

66. Central Park, NY

67. Central Park Today

68. The National Pastime

69. Boxing & College Football

70. Country Clubs

71. Bicycles

72. Coney Island, NY

73. Department Stores

74. Mail Order Catalogs

75. Typewriters & Secretaries

76. The Telephone
Alexander Graham Bell or Antonio Meucci?

77. Thomas Edison
Light Bulb
Phonograph

78. Eastman Kodak

79. “The New South”

80. Henry Woodfin Grady Industrialization & urbanization
Free wage labor & cordial race relations
“New South”

81. Piedmont vs. Tidewater

82. Good Roads Movement Reasons Education Bicycles… automobiles
North Carolina – “the good roads state”

83. Company Towns

84. Textile Industry

85. Tobacco Industry

86. “Red Shirts” “Waving the bloody shirt” White supremacy/ segregation
Democrats/Ellison Alger Smyth

87. Convict Labor

88. Birmingham Steel Mills
Industrial-ization
Convict mine labor

89. Birmingham Steel Mills

90. Booker T. Washington Tuskegee Institute “Atlanta Compromise” Speech:
Abandon civil rights & challenges to segregation
Focus on economic independence
“Cast down your bucket where you are”

91. Review

92. Main Ideas Immigration Push & pull factors Ellis & Angel Island
Ethnic neighborhoods
“Melting Pot” vs. “Salad Bowl”
Backlash against immigration
Urbanization
Population explosion
Growth in city size
New opportunities for both men & women
Tenement slums
Mass transit
Skyscrapers