1. The Trojan War A Brief Re-Telling Excerpts from Edith Hamilton’s Mythology; Boston, Little, Brown and Co., 1942.

2. ERIS, Goddess of Discord The only goddess not invited to the wedding of Peleus and Thetis The only goddess not invited to the wedding of Peleus and Thetis Designed a golden apple marked For the Fairest Designed a golden apple marked For the Fairest Caused a great commotion at the wedding Caused a great commotion at the wedding Denton Lund Copyright 2001

3. And the winner is… Three goddesses eventually vied for Three goddesses eventually vied for the title: Aphrodite Aphrodite Hera Hera Athena Athena A prince (of Troy) named Paris got A prince (of Troy) named Paris got to be the judge. Claude Lorrain

4. Pick me! Pick me! Hera promised to make him Lord of Europe and Asia. Hera promised to make him Lord of Europe and Asia. Land and power Land and power Athena promised that he would lead the Trojans to victory against the Greeks. Athena promised that he would lead the Trojans to victory against the Greeks. To become a war hero! To become a war hero! Aphrodite promised him the fairest woman in all the world. Aphrodite promised him the fairest woman in all the world. A woman—another sign of the great evil of women A woman—another sign of the great evil of women Which would you choose? Which would you choose?

5. Decisions, decisions Paris chose Aphrodite; therefore, he “earned” his prize of Helen, the most beautiful woman in the world. Paris chose Aphrodite; therefore, he “earned” his prize of Helen, the most beautiful woman in the world. Helen was so beautiful that every prince in Greece wanted to marry her. Helen was so beautiful that every prince in Greece wanted to marry her. How did Menelaus get her? How did Menelaus get her?

6. Menelaus and Helen Menelaus and his powerful brother Agamemnon were exiled when their father was killed. Throne dispute. Menelaus and his powerful brother Agamemnon were exiled when their father was killed. Throne dispute. They returned killed the current king with the help of King of Sparta and Agamemnon took the throne. King of Sparta had a beautiful stepdaughter, Helen. They returned killed the current king with the help of King of Sparta and Agamemnon took the throne. King of Sparta had a beautiful stepdaughter, Helen. Many men came to seek her hand including Patroclus, Odysseus, and Menelaus. Many men came to seek her hand including Patroclus, Odysseus, and Menelaus. King of Sparta did not know how to proceed without angering the other powerful men. King of Sparta did not know how to proceed without angering the other powerful men. Odysseus promised to solve the dispute if he would let him seek his niece, Penelope’s hand in marriage. King of Sparta agreed. Odysseus promised to solve the dispute if he would let him seek his niece, Penelope’s hand in marriage. King of Sparta agreed. Decision: 1 st all vowed an oath to support the winner in any drew straws to see who would marry her. Menelaus won. Decision: 1 st all vowed an oath to support the winner in any drew straws to see who would marry her. Menelaus won.

7. Details, details One problem was that Helen was already married to King Menelaus of Sparta. One problem was that Helen was already married to King Menelaus of Sparta. Paris came to their home pretending to be a guest. Paris came to their home pretending to be a guest. When Menelaus was away, Paris “stole” Helen. When Menelaus was away, Paris “stole” Helen. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2e0BLcd_WsE

8. The Wrath of the King Menelaus was enraged when he found Helen gone. Menelaus was enraged when he found Helen gone. He called upon all He called upon all of Greece, including the great warriors Achilles and Odysseus, to attack Troy. of Greece, including the great warriors Achilles and Odysseus, to attack Troy. Today we think that the war started because Greece wanted better trade routes. Today we think that the war started because Greece wanted better trade routes. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dkTXVFRBUpc

9. Where have all the heroes gone? Odysseus, king of Ithaca, pretended that he had gone mad. Odysseus, king of Ithaca, pretended that he had gone mad. He planted salt in his fields instead of seed when the messenger from the Greek army arrived. He planted salt in his fields instead of seed when the messenger from the Greek army arrived. They, in turn, tricked him into joining the fight. (HOW??) They, in turn, tricked him into joining the fight. (HOW??)

10. Where have all the heroes gone? Achilles was hidden from the war by his mother. She dressed him as a girl and made him hide with maidens. Achilles was hidden from the war by his mother. She dressed him as a girl and made him hide with maidens. How is he found out? How is he found out? He was eventually persuaded to join the war. His story is told in The Iliad. He was eventually persuaded to join the war. His story is told in The Iliad.

11. What about the Trojan Heroes? The King and Queen of Troy, Priam and Hecuba, had many sons, but the bravest and greatest was Hector. The King and Queen of Troy, Priam and Hecuba, had many sons, but the bravest and greatest was Hector. Hector had a wife name Adromache and a son named Astyanax. Hector had a wife name Adromache and a son named Astyanax.

12. When heroes collide Both sides had great heroes upon which they pinned their hopes of winning. Both sides had great heroes upon which they pinned their hopes of winning. The Greeks were excellent sailors and highly skilled in warfare. The Greeks were excellent sailors and highly skilled in warfare. The Trojans had a great wall surrounding their city that made it virtually impregnable. No one had ever breached it. The Trojans had a great wall surrounding their city that made it virtually impregnable. No one had ever breached it.

13. Personal Grudges After nine years of fighting, both sides agreed to let Paris and Menelaus fight it out to declare a winner. After nine years of fighting, both sides agreed to let Paris and Menelaus fight it out to declare a winner. Menelaus would have killed Paris easily, but Aphrodite saved him by whisking him away in a cloud of dust. Menelaus would have killed Paris easily, but Aphrodite saved him by whisking him away in a cloud of dust. The other gods joined in on their respective sides. The other gods joined in on their respective sides.

14. Just whose side are you on? AphroditeTroy AphroditeTroy AthenaGreece AthenaGreece HeraGreece HeraGreece ApolloTroy ApolloTroy AresTroy AresTroy PoseidonGreece PoseidonGreece Keep in mind: many of the gods/ goddesses had mortal children on one side and wanted that side to win.

15. The Thrill of Victory Achilles withdrew from battle because some of the spoils of war were kept from him--what is the story? Achilles withdrew from battle because some of the spoils of war were kept from him--what is the story? His best friend, Patroclus, put on Achilles’ armor and pretended to be him because Achilles was the biggest threat to the Trojans and his armor was impenetrable. His best friend, Patroclus, put on Achilles’ armor and pretended to be him because Achilles was the biggest threat to the Trojans and his armor was impenetrable. Hector had his greatest day, slaying many men, including Patroclus, whom he thought was Achilles, giving the Trojans momentum. Hector had his greatest day, slaying many men, including Patroclus, whom he thought was Achilles, giving the Trojans momentum.

16. The Agony of Defeat When Achilles learned that Patroclus died by the hand of Hector, he became enraged and rejoined the battle. When Achilles learned that Patroclus died by the hand of Hector, he became enraged and rejoined the battle. He and Hector fought a battle by themselves. He and Hector fought a battle by themselves. Achilles killed Hector and refused to give his body back to his family for a proper burial. Achilles killed Hector and refused to give his body back to his family for a proper burial. Achilles’s actions were scorned by everyone, including the gods. Achilles’s actions were scorned by everyone, including the gods. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y3wneRxx5hM

17. Achilles’s Revenge Not content to have only killed Hector, Achilles stripped his body and dragged it behind a chariot for three days. Not content to have only killed Hector, Achilles stripped his body and dragged it behind a chariot for three days. He wanted to feed it to the dogs, but Priam convinced him to return it to the family for proper burial. He wanted to feed it to the dogs, but Priam convinced him to return it to the family for proper burial. The Greeks believed that if a person did not receive a proper burial, he/she would not be allowed to pass into the Land of the Dead and would be forced to wander as a “shade” for 100 years, which the Greeks thought was very bad. The Greeks believed that if a person did not receive a proper burial, he/she would not be allowed to pass into the Land of the Dead and would be forced to wander as a “shade” for 100 years, which the Greeks thought was very bad.

18. The Fall of Troy Paris killed Achilles by shooting an arrow into his heel, his only weak spot. Paris killed Achilles by shooting an arrow into his heel, his only weak spot. Achilles’s son, Neoptolemus, then killed Paris. Achilles’s son, Neoptolemus, then killed Paris. The war was again at a stalemate, and the gods and humans alike were tired of the fighting. The war was again at a stalemate, and the gods and humans alike were tired of the fighting. Odysseus then got an idea to build a great wooden horse to hide soldiers inside. Odysseus then got an idea to build a great wooden horse to hide soldiers inside.

19. The Trojan Horse

20. The people of Troy accepted the horse as a sign of surrender. The people of Troy accepted the horse as a sign of surrender. They dragged the horse inside the walls of the city and celebrated all night long. They dragged the horse inside the walls of the city and celebrated all night long. When everyone fell asleep, the soldiers hiding inside crept out and lit the city on fire. When everyone fell asleep, the soldiers hiding inside crept out and lit the city on fire. The end of Troy was at hand. The end of Troy was at hand. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YbiR6IMf5KQ

21. The Gods’ Fury The Greeks celebrated mightily after their victory and forgot to pay homage to the gods who helped them win. The Greeks celebrated mightily after their victory and forgot to pay homage to the gods who helped them win. This turned Poseidon against the Greeks. This turned Poseidon against the Greeks. Poseidon caused many storms that killed most of the Greek warriors. Poseidon caused many storms that killed most of the Greek warriors. Odysseus, the mastermind, was doomed to wander home for 10 years because death was not his destiny. His story is told in The Odyssey. Odysseus, the mastermind, was doomed to wander home for 10 years because death was not his destiny. His story is told in The Odyssey.

22. Odysseus and Homer The Odyssey is believed to have been created by a blind poet named Homer in 700 BC. We think the events of the Trojan War occurred in 1200 BC. The Odyssey is believed to have been created by a blind poet named Homer in 700 BC. We think the events of the Trojan War occurred in 1200 BC. Right Homer Wrong Homer