1. Chapter 8 Marine Reptiles, Birds, & Mammals

2. Tetrapods Four footed animals

3. Terrapods Land animals

4. Amphibians Class: Amphibia Frogs, toads, & salamanders

5. Characteristics Soft delicate eggs must remain moist, born in water, move to land, porous skin, cold blooded

6. Reptiles Class: Reptilia Snakes, lizards, alligators, & crocodiles

7. Characteristics Leathery eggs on land, born on land, scales, cold blooded, air breathing, internal fertilization

8. Unusual Examples Iguanas, Turtles, Crocs

11. Homing Behavior Returning to the identical island where the organism was born

12. Birds Class: Aves puffins, penguins, etc

13. Characteristics Hard shelled eggs, beaks, adaptations for flight, warm blooded

14. Sea Birds Mate on land but feed at sea at least some of the time

15. Types of Sea Birds Penguins Gulls Tubenoses Shorebirds Pelicans Duck & G

16. Penguins Swimming birds

17. Tubenoses Only come to shore to mate Albatross

18. Pelicans & Allies Nest on shore & feed at sea Pelicans, etc.

19. Gulls Garbage bird Lives on land & feeds near shore Sea Gull

20. Shore Birds Those birds that wade along the shoreline & feed

21. Ducks & Geese Nest in Estuaries Migrating birds

22. Unusual Examples Penguins

24. Marine Mammals Class: Mammalia Seals, Whales, etc.

25. Characteristics Mammary Glands Hair Blubber Live birth

26. Blubber Thick layer of fat just below the skin that insulates the mammals from the cold water

27. Order: Carnivora: Examples: Polar bears & sea otters Tearing teeth, ripping claws,carnivorous

28. Order: Pinnipedia: Examples: Seals, sea lions, walruses Tearing teeth, fins carnivorous

31. Order: Sirenia: Examples: Manatees, sea cows Herbivore; docile, almost completely adapted to the sea

33. Order: Cetacea: Whales, dolphin, etc Completely adapted to sea, fluke, blowhole, echolocation, live birth in the sea

34. Fluke Horizontal tail of whales & dolphins

36. Echolocation Using sound waves to locate objects Like SONAR

38. Blowhole Single or double opening on the dorsal side of a whale used for breathing

39. Convergent Evolution When different species living under the same environmental conditions develop similar characteristics

41. Divergent Evolution When similar species living under different environmental conditions develop different characteristics

42. Whale Groups Toothed whales: have teeth Non-toothed whales: have baleen instead of teeth

43. Baleen Fibrous, fingernail like material hanging from the upper jaw used to strain food in non- toothed whales

45. Toothed Whales Dolphin, Porpoise, Killer whale, Beluga, narwal, & Sperm whale

46. Non-Toothed Whales Baleen whales Blue, gray, fin, humpback, right

49. Spermaceti Gland full of oil (also called spermaceti) in the head of a sperm whale

50. Ambergris Partially digested debris in the stomach & intestines of sperm whales Used for perfume

51. Rorquals Grooves on the underside of baleen whales to increase the capacity of their mouths Refers to group as well

52. Adaptations for Diving Collapsible rib cage, large lung capacity, high hemoglobin & myoglobin 90 % oxygen exchange, organ shut-down

53. Helps in Diving Blow hole Blubber

54. Whale Behavior

55. Pods Groups of whales Many species of whales travel in pods

56. Vocalization Making noises Whales communicate by vocalization

57. Breaching Jumping out of the water Many whales breach Reasons not known

58. Beaching Swimming aground Many whales beach Reasons not known New study suspects sonar

59. Migration Moving from place to place Many whales migrate