1. Presentation Package for Concepts of Physical Fitness 12e Section VII: Concept 20: Recognizing Quackery: Becoming and Informed Consumer Created by: Gregory J. Welk Iowa State University

2. 2Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Fraud  Intentional perversion of truth for gain.

3. 3Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Quackery  Promotion of health schemes that are: –False –Unproven –Dangerous

4. 4Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Susceptibility to Fraud or Quackery  Concern about appearance, health or performance  Lack of knowledge  Desire for immediate results See Web20-2 for more information

5. 5Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Potentially Fraudulent Weight Loss Techniques  Fad diets  Spot reduction exercises  Body wraps  Fat loss creams  Metabolic stimulators

6. 6Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Potentially Fraudulent Fitness Products  Muscle gain supplements  Fat loss supplements  Anti-fatigue supplements

7. 7Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Potentially Fraudulent Health Products  Supplements for health/disease: –Anti-oxidant vitamin supplements (megadoses) –Immune system boosters  Life extension products: –Energy enhancers –Memory enhancers See Web20-4 about issues with herbs

8. 8Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Clues to Fraud and Quackery  Lack of certifications / degrees  Cite little or no research  Use pseudo-affiliations  Use frequent testimonials  Make claims of prestige  Discredit AMA, FDA, etc. Lab 20a information Click to see the National Coalition Against Health Fraud site

9. 9Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Sources of Misinformation  Magazines  Health store newsletters  TV infomercials Click to see the US consumer information center homepage

10. 10Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Current Legislation The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994  Puts the burden of proof for the effectiveness and safety of supplements on the FDA rather than on the supplement manufacturer.  Makes it harder for fraudulent products to be removed from the market. See Web20-3 for more info on supplements

11. 11Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Exercise Equipment  Do you need it?  Will you use it?  Does it work?  Does it work for me?

12. 12Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Health Clubs  Qualified staff?  Good equipment?  Crowded/convenient?  Contracts / memberships? Lab 20b information See Web20-1 about tanning and salons

13. 13Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Fitness Books and Articles  Are they authored by a qualified professional?  Are they based on sound scientific principles? See quote from “Zone diet”

14. 14Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Internet Information  Remember, not all information on the Web is accurate!!  Look for information from non-profit agencies or public health agencies if possible although many commercial (.com) sites have good information also See Web20-5 to see how to spot good sites on the web.

15. Caveat Emptor (Buyer Beware!) See Web20-6 about consumerism and tips for being a wise consumer

16. 16Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Web Resources “On the Web” “On the Web” pages for Concept Online Learning Center

17. Supplemental Graphics Lab Information

18. 18Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Lab 20a Information Practicing Consumer Skills: Evaluating Products  Select an exercise device, book, magazine or food supplement to review.  Answer questions to evaluate product you have chosen.  Total the checks to get a product rating.  Discuss whether you would buy or use this product.

19. 19Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Lab 20b Information Evaluating a Health/Wellness of Fitness Club  Visit a club and indicate that you are interested in becoming a member.  Ask questions and examine the facilities.  Complete the assessment in the lab to evaluate the club.  Answer whether this club would meet your needs and expectations.

20. 20Concepts of Fitness and Wellness 5e Quotes from “The Zone”  “Most athletes have experienced this almost transcendent state (i.e. the “zone”) at least once and the experience is unforgettable. But there’s nothing mystical about the Zone. The Zone is a real metabolic state that can be reached by everyone, and maintained on a lifelong basis.” (p. 2)