1. Enzymes Protein structures that lower activation energy

2. Enzyme names Ends in –ase Based on reaction catalyzed Ex: hydrolysis of amylose – enzyme amylase

3. Spontaneity - S

5. Catabolism vs. Anabolism

6. Factors that change the rate of chemical reactions Changing pH Agitation Increase temperature Removing product Enzymes: ideal because highly efficient and specific

7. Enzyme-Substrate Complex

8. Enzyme models Fischer’s “lock and key” Jenk’s “strain” Koshland’s “induced fit” All three = modern induced fit theory of enzymes

9. Induced fit model

10. Inactive until regulated

11. Inhibition Inhibitor = chemical similar in shape and size to substrate Competitive vs. Noncompetitive

12. Allosteric inhibition

13. Regulatory molecule

14. Cofactors metal ions activator coenzymes (vitamins) prosthetic groups

15. Optimal conditions for enzymes Temperature pH Saline concentration Etc.