3. Manual Conversions

4. Regional Gliding School Speed/Time/Distance Speed, time and distance are related by the equation: Speed = Distance Time Given any two of the three variables, the other can be calculated using this equation.

5. Regional Gliding School ExampleSpeed =Distance Time Speed/Time/Distance If distance and time are given, simply place the values in the equation. Speed =150 KM 3 HRS Speed =50 KPH

6. Regional Gliding School Time *Speed =Distance * Time Time Distance =Speed * Time Speed/Time/Distance If speed and time are given, the equation needs to be modified. ExampleSpeed =Distance Time Multiply each side by the denominatorEliminate common variablesWrite new equation

7. Regional Gliding School Distance= Time x Speed Distance =3Hrs x 75KPH Distance =225KM Speed/Time/Distance Now that speed and time are given for the simple equation, place the values in the equation.

8. Regional Gliding School Speed Conversions 66NM = 76 SM Knots to MPHMultiply by 1.15 MPH to KnotsDivide by 1.15 KPH to KnotsMultiply by.54 KPH to MPHMultiply by.62

9. Regional Gliding School Time Conversions Hours to MinutesMultiply by 60 Minutes to HoursDivide by 60

10. Regional Gliding School The Appleyard Scale Outside Ring - Distance and Velocity Inside Ring - Time All calculations can be done without using the flight computer by using the previous formula: Velocity = Distance Time However the appleyard scale is a simple quick method to convert.

11. Regional Gliding School Time Scale The number 9 stands for –9 minutes, –90 minutes, –900 minutes, etc. You must use common sense to figure out which one applies. Notice on the time scale under the 9, 1:30 and 15:00 are written. They stand for 90 minutes and 900 minutes respectively.

12. Regional Gliding School Distance Scale The number 6 stands for –6 units, –60 units, –600 units, etc. Again, you must use common sense to figure out which one applies.

13. Flight Computer The Appleyard Scale is the same for the CR-3 and E6-B Flight Computer. The CR-3 will be used to show conversions. However, as mentioned above the E6-B can be used as well.

14. Regional Gliding School Speed/Time/Distance Given –Speed = 120 knots –Distance = 170 NM –Time = ? If speed is given, point arrow towards the speed

15. Regional Gliding School Remember that 12 is also 120 and 1200. Any multiple of 10. Second, follow the outside scale to 17 for 170NM and read inside scale. Speed/Time/Distance

16. Regional Gliding School The inside scale will align with 85. This number could mean 8.5, 85 or 850. Use common sense to calculate correct answer. Speed/Time/Distance

17. Regional Gliding School Flying at 120 knots or 120 nautical miles per hour for 170 NM means the aircraft will be airborne for 85 minutes or 1 hour and twenty-five minutes. Speed/Time/Distance

18. Regional Gliding School Let's try a few examples: Given Speed= 210 MPH Time= 40 minutes Distance= ? Use the flight computer to calculate. Speed/Time/Distance

19. Regional Gliding School Speed = 210 MPH Time= 40 min. Distance= 140 Miles Point arrow to 210 View reading aligned with 40 min Answer 140 Miles Speed/Time/Distance

20. Regional Gliding School Let's try a few examples: Given Speed= ? Time= 90 minutes Distance= 120 NM Use the flight computer to calculate. This one is a little different than before. Give it a try! Speed/Time/Distance

21. Regional Gliding School Speed = 80 knots Time= 90 min. Distance= 120 NM Align 90 min to 120 NM Read speed from pointing arrow Answer 80 knots Speed/Time/Distance

22. Regional Gliding School Fuel Given –Fuel = 8 GPH –Time = 45 minutes –Consumption = ? If fuel is given, point arrow towards fuel.

23. Regional Gliding School Remember that 80 is also 8 and 800. Any multiple of 10. Second, follow the inside scale to 45 and read outside scale. Speed, Time, Distance

24. Regional Gliding School The outside scale will align with 60. This number could mean 6, 60 or 600. Use common sense to calculate correct answer. Speed, Time, Distance

25. Regional Gliding School Burning 8 GPH or 8 gallons per hour for 45 minutes means the aircraft will consume 6 gallons Speed, Time, Distance

26. Regional Gliding School Conversions Many conversions are possible with the flight computer SMTo NM MPHTo KPH US GALTo IMP GAL LBSTo Kg

27. Regional Gliding School Conversions To convert units simply place known unit under proper location. If 170 statute miles are given, place it under the statute mile location.

28. Regional Gliding School Conversions Once SM is in the correct position, read nautical miles under the NM location. Answer = 148 NM

29. Regional Gliding School Conversions Also, you can read kilometers under the KM location. Answer = 271 KM

30. Confirmation Stage NOTE: You must use the buttons in the Confirmation Stage

31. Regional Gliding School A B C D Distance Time Velocity Both A and C Let's try a few review questions on Navigation: Question #1 - What is on the outside ring of the Appleyard Scale? Navigation CR-3 or E6-B Flight Computer

32. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

33. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

34. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

35. That answer is correct. Let's move on...

36. Regional Gliding School A B C D 90 min 16 min 9 min 1.6 hrs Let's try a few review questions on Navigation: Question #2 - If you are flying at a speed of 270 knots for a distance of 74 KM, how long would you be airborne? Navigation CR-3 or E6-B Flight Computer

37. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

38. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

39. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

40. That answer is correct. Let's move on...

41. Regional Gliding School One-in-Sixty Rule An error in the track of one degree will cause an error in position of about one mile in a distance of 60 miles. Example3° off track will cause an aircraft to be 3 miles out to the side. 3° 3 miles 60 miles

42. Flight Computer Click on the type of Flight Computer you wish to use for the wind side of the computer. CR-3 Flight Computer E6-B Flight Computer

43. Confirmation Stage NOTE: You must use the buttons in the Confirmation Stage

44. Regional Gliding School Navigation CR-3 or E6-B Flight Computer A B C D 4 miles 8 miles 12 miles 16 miles Let's try a few review questions on Navigation: Question #3 - What distance off track would an aircraft be if it were 4° off course and flew 180 miles without corrective action?

45. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

46. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

47. I’m afraid that answer is incorrect Let's try again... Flying Scholarship Program

48. That answer is correct. Let's move on...

49. Regional Gliding School Navigation CR-3 or E6-B Flight Computer Let's try a few review questions on Navigation: Question #4 - Worksheets Exercise #1 Exercise #2 Exercise #1 Answer Key Exercise #2 Answer Key

50. Regional Gliding School Congratulations!! You have now completed the CR-3 or E6-B Flight Computer lesson and the Navigation Module. Of course, this module is always available to you for future reference if required. You are now ready to move along to the next module you wish. You can advance to the Self Test Module if you feel ready to challenge the final exam. Good Luck! Navigation CR-3 or E6-B Flight Computer