1. The Intellectual and Artistic Renaissance

2. Italian Renaissance Humanism
Humanism was a key intellectual movement of the Renaissance
Based on the study of literary works of the ancients Greeks and Romans
Humanists studied the “humanities”
grammar, rhetoric, poetry, philosophy, and history

3. Italian Renaissance Humanism
Petrarch is considered the father of Italian Renaissance humanism
He emphasized the use of pure classical Latin
Latin as it was used by the ancient Romans

4. Italian Renaissance Humanism
In the early 1400s, humanists shifted from being a secluded group, to being very proactive
believed intellectuals should be active in the community
Also believed the humanities should be used to serve the state

5. Vernacular Literature
Because of the emphasis on classical Latin, scholars, lawyers, and theologians used it
But some writers used the vernacular
language spoken in their own regions
In the 14th century, the works of Dante and Chaucer made vernacular popular

6. Dante
Dante (Italian) wrote the Divine Comedy

7. Chaucer
Chaucer (English) wrote The Canterbury Tales

8. Education in the Renaissance
Humanists believed that education could change people
Believed that the liberal studies (history, moral philosophy, grammar, logic, poetry, math, astronomy, etc) helped people reach their full potential

9. Education in the Renaissance
Humanists also stressed physical education
Sound mind and sound body
The purpose of liberal education was not to create a great scholar, but complete human beings

10. New Techniques in Painting
Masaccio’s frescoes were the first masterpieces of Renaissance art
A painting done on fresh, wet plaster with water-based paints
He created a 3D perspectives which allowed his works to be very realistic

11. Masaccio’s Frescoes

12. Sculpture and Architecture
The sculptor Donatello spent time studying and imitating statues of the Greeks and Romans
He created realistic free-standing figures

13. Sculpture and Architecture
The buildings of classical Rome inspired the architect Filippo Brunelleschi.

14. The Masters of the High Renaissance
The final stage of Italian Renaissance painting is called the High Renaissance ( )
Three artistic giants are associated with this period
Leonardo da Vinci
Raphael
Michelangelo

15. da Vinci’s Work
He focused on realistic painting

16. Raphael’s Work
Known for his paintings at the Vatican palace

17. Michelangelo’s Work
Known for his work on the ceilings of the Sistine chapel

18. The Northern Artistic Renaissance
Artists of northern Europe typically painted illustrations for books and wooden panels for altarpieces
Masters of detail
The most important northern school of art in the 15th century was in Flanders.

19. The Use of Oil Paint
Jan van Eyck was one of the first to use oil paint.
Allowed artists to use a wide variety of colors and to create fine details.