1. Year09-10 Geog Sabah Field Trip 04-07Dec2009 Man-Land Interaction

2. colonial exploitations  Lumbering  rapid depletion  Land used for oil palm plantations could not be used after land abandonment. (acidic soil)

3.  Biodiversity loss  Loss of habitat  Some animals were taken to Europe as pets  Nutrient cycle was disrupted.

4. Ecotourism Ecological tourism 1.See the beautiful scenery 2.Raise the public awareness

5. Examples in Sabah Proboscis Monkeys

6. Fireflies

7. Canopy Forest

8. Coral Beach

9. national parks  source of income  for medical use and studying  Fallowing period for destroyed plants  Retain more plant and animal species.

10. Performances in Cultural Village Mixture of Education & Entertainment Culture Conservation Life of People

11. Pollution River Klias: water pollution Air Pollution, Noise Pollution  Affect flora & fauna there

12. national parks  Human disturbance  Pollution  Emission from vehicles  Road building

13. Deforestation

14. Soil erosion ♠ No more tree roots binding the soil together

15. Short-term Effects on Hydrological Cycle ↑ Surface runoff ↑ Discharge ↑ Flooding

16. Long-term Effects on Hydrological Cycle ↓ Transpiration ↓ Precipitation ↓ Base flow ↑ Drought

17. Plantation an agricultural activity that crops are grown mainly for sale in distant markets, rather than for local consumption.

18. Examples of plantation Rubber Trees Coffee Tree

19. Tobacco Cotton Examples of plantation

20. Tea Plantation Sabah Tea Garden Tea Product

21. natural trees near the plantation fields will easily die without self-regulatory system Biodiversity loss

22. a) food chain is damaged b) living area is reduced c) extinction of animals Loss of habitat

23. Monoculture damages nutrient cycle depletion of soil nutrient

24. The infertile soil is unfavorable for growing plants ○ Primary vegetation  secondary vegetation

25. Bare Land ○ no trees roots binding the soil  soil erosion + desertification

26. Agroforestry  Integrated farming approach  Aim: 1.getting resources needed 2.conserving the environment

27. Tree bark pencil cases  Cause little harm to trees  A source of income of local people

28. Terrace farming  Aim : prevent soil erosion and surface runoff  A soil conservation method

29. Sabah tea  Grow on foothills of Mt Kinabalu  Organic farming : No chemical fertilizers or pesticides

30. Kerosene nuts Can be a kind of bio-diesel

31. Fire! Kerosene !!! Amazing !!!