1. The Byzantine Empire and Russia
ROC EK

2. Vocabulary Schism A permanent split Czar The Russian word for “Caesar”
Ethnic Group
A large group of people who share the same language and cultural heritage

3. The Byzantine Empire Constantinople
German invaders pushed into the western Roman empire
Emperors moved into the eastern Mediterranean
Constantine (an emperor) rebuilt the Greek city Byzantium, renaming it “Constantinople”
Eastern Roman empire became known as the Byzantine empire
Constantinople thrived in the Middle Ages, having control over key trade routes in Europe and Asia

4. Justinian’s Code Justinian Emperor, ruled from 527 to 565
Set up commission to collect and organize laws of ancient Rome
Known as “Justinian’s Code”
By 1100’s the code reached to Western Europe and had effect on laws and principles of the Roman Catholic Church and medieval monarchs
Preserved heritage of Roman law

5. Byzantine Christianity
Separation
Byzantine Christians and Roman Catholics became divided
Emperor controlled Church affairs in Byzantine empire
This went against the pope’s claim of authority over all Christians
Byzantine clergy also retained the right to marry
Caused a schism between Eastern (Greek) Orthodox and Roman Catholic churches by 1054
Byzantine empire was falling by the time of the schism
Constantinople fell to the Ottoman empire by 1453
Eventually renamed Istanbul and became a part of Muslim culture

6. Byzantine Heritage
Byzantine civilization had a big influence on society, mixing Christian beliefs with Greek science, philosophy, arts, and literature
Byzantines also expanded on Roman achievements in engineering and law
Greek scholars left Constantinople to teach Italian universities and took valuable manuscripts to the West, as well as their knowledge of Greek and Byzantine culture
The work of scholars contributed to the Renaissance

7. The Rise of Russia Early History of Russia
Began in fertile area of present-day Ukraine
The Slavs moved into southern Russia and were followed by the Vikings traveling Russian rivers in 700s and 800s
Vikings also traded with Constantinople
Kiev, a city in the Ukraine, became the center of the first Russian state and a vital trade center
Constantinople sent missionaries to convert the Slavs to Christianity
863- Greek monks adapted Greek alphabet so they could translate the Bible into Slavic languages. It became the script still used in Russia and Ukraine
Russians now had a written language, forming a class of educated people
They adapted Byzantine art, music, and architecture

8. The Mongol Conquest
Early 1200s- Mongols of central Asia took control of land from China to Eastern Europe
Absolute power of Mongol leaders served as a model for later Russian rulers
Mongol rule cut Russia off from Western Europe, therefore cutting Russians off from the advancements in arts and sciences taking place in Europe

9. Rise of Moscow Princes of Moscow defeated the Mongols
Between 1462 and 1505, Ivan III, known as Ivan the Great, gained rule over most of northern Russia
Took the title “Czar”
Ivan the Great passed on absolute rule to successors, and Ivan IV increased his power to the extreme, earning the title “Ivan the Terrible”

10. Shaping Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe had no region dominated by a single ethnic group
Many groups settled in Eastern Europe
Slavs came from Russia and Asian groups moved into the land, such as the Huns, Avars, Bulgars, Khazars, and Magyars
Germanic people came as well
Byzantine missionaries brought Eastern Orthodox Christianity and Byzantine culture to the Balkans
German knights and missionaries brought Roman Catholic Christianity
Eastern Europe was a refuge for Jewish settlers, giving them escape from their Western Europe Christian persecutors in the Middle Ages

11. Shaping Eastern Europe (cont.)
Kingdoms and small states arose in Eastern Europe
Poland battled Germans, Russians, and Mongols
The Magyars of Hungary controlled parts of present-day Slovakia and Romania
Late 1100s- Serbs built a kingdom in the Balkan peninsula
1500s- Ottoman Turks ruled much of southeastern Europe

12. Review
What was the name of the Eastern Roman Empire? Byzantine empire What was the church called in this Eastern Roman Empire? Eastern Orthodox Who created a code of laws that we base our laws on today? Byzantine emperor Justinian What is a SCHISM? A permanent split What was the name of the Trading Center in the Ukraine in the first Russian state, it was the capital? Kiev Who invaded Russia from the West and influenced the idea of absolute rule? Ivan III What is a CZAR? A Russian ruler What was Ivan the IV known as? “Ivan the Terrible” What is an ETHNIC GROUP? A large group of people who share the same language and cultural heritage Which crusade sacked and looted Constantinople? The Ottoman Empire

13. Sources
World History textbook Pictures: en.wikipedia.org