1. Contribution of EARLINET/ACTRIS to the summer 2013 Special Observing Period of the ChArMEx project
Michaël Sicard
Remote Sensing Lab., Dept. of Signal Theory and Communications
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

2. Co-authors
[RSLab, UPC, Barcelona] R. Barragan, C. Muñoz-Porcar, A. Comerón, F. Rocadenbosch, A. Rodriguez
[LA, Toulouse] M. Mallet
[LSCE, CEA, Saclay] F. Dulac
[LATMOS, Paris] J. Pelon
[UGR, Granada] L. Alados-Arboledas, J. A. Bravo-Aranda, M. J. Granados-Muñoz, J. L. Guerrero-Rascado, G. Titos
[CNR-IMAA, Potenza] A. Amodeo, A. Boselli, G. D'Amico, F. Madonna, L. Mona, G. Pappalardo
[INAF, Catania] G. Leto, R. Zanmar Sanchez
[U. Lecce] M. R. Perrone, P. Burlizzi
[INGV, Catania] S. Scollo
[U. Napoli] N. Spinelli, X. Wang
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

3. ChArMEx: Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment
ChArMEx BioDivMeX
Atmospheric pollution Biodiversity
MerMeX TerMeX
Marine ecosystems Geodynamics risks and ressources
HyMex SicMeD
Water cycle Agricultural ecosystems
PaleoMex SocMed
Human and paleo-climates Societies and environment
ChArMEx: Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment
Component of MISTRALS about atmospheric chemistry, i.e. the cycle of short-life species (< a few weeks) chemically and optically active in the atmosphere
MISTRALS: 10 years of multi-disciplinary reserch coordinated at international level to observe and understand the Med. system and forecast the habitability of the region over the century
ChArMEx: one of the 8 topics of MISTRALS (CNRS/INSU) started in 2007 and endorsed internationally
initiative whose goal is a scientific assessment of the present and future state of the atmospheric environment in the Mediterranean Basin, and of its impacts on the regional climate, air quality, and marine biogeochemistry
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

4. Why the Mediterranean?
Strong accumulation of particles above the Basin
Annual average of aerosol optical thickness observed by satellite (NASA AQUA/MODIS)
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

5. Why the Mediterranean? A natural laboratory to study:
Contribution of long range transport on the local air quality
Ageing of continental air masses above the Basin
Impact of the atmospheric chemistry on the regional climate
Impact of deposition on waters poor in nutrients
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

6. Objectives/WPs of ChArMEx
Emissions
Atmospheric processes of reactive gases and aerosols
Impact of long-range and vertical transport on air quality
Radiative budget and climate impact
Atmospheric deposition
Recent trends and variability in trace species
Modelling the future of the Med. atmospheric chemistry
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

7. ADRIMED SOP-1a 12 June – 5 July, 2013 Western and central Med. Basin
2 supersites
5 secondary sites
In-situ, remote sensing instrumentation
2 aircraft
Objectives:
To gather an innovative database of the aerosol physical, chemical, optical properties in order to
1) estimate precisely 1D local direct radiative forcing and constrain 3D regional climate models, and
2) investigate how the modifications of the radiative budget (especially at the sea-surface) due to aerosols affect the sea-surface evaporation fluxes and the Mediterranean hydrological cycle during the dry season
Aerosol Direct Radiative Forcing on the Mediterranean Climate (ADRIMED) projectº
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

8. ADRIMED SOP-1a Super sites Secondary sites EARLINET lidar AERONET
sun-photometer
Ersa
Montesoro
Potenza
Barcelona
Naples
Lecce
Minorca
Capo Granitola
Serra la Nave
Granada
Lampedusa
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

9. EARLINET measurements
EARLINET measurements coincident with / in the vicinity of ChArMEx/ADRIMED aircraft
Aircraft
ATR42
F20
Flight #
F30
F31
F13
F16
F36
F17
F18
F19
Day of June
16/pm
17/am
18/pm
22/am
22/pm
23/am
24/am
27/am
Route
GR, 3β+2α+1δ
BA, 3β+2α+WV
NA, 2β+1δ
SN, 1β+1δ
PO, 3β+2α+1δ
LE, 3β+2α+1δ+WV
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

10. Spatio-temporal evolution
MSG/SEVIRI AERUS-GEO AOD at 675 nm
16J
17J
18J
Barcelona
Granada
19J
20J
21J
22J
23J
Potenza
Naples
Lecce
Serra La Nave
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

11. Spatio-temporal evolution
Peak: 0,29 (AE~0,5)
0,17 (AE~0,66)
0,37 (AE~0,8)
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

12. Spatio-temporal evolution
Mean AOD: 0,21
Mean hCM: 3,30
Mean AOD: 0,22
Mean hCM : 3,49
Mean AOD: 0,17
Mean hCM : 3,15
Mean AOD: 0,07
Mean hCM : 5,25
Mean AOD: 0,07
Mean hCM : 2,86
Mean AOD: 0,10
Mean hCM : 3,48
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

13. Differences from one station to another
Granada, 17 June, 01UT Potenza, 22 June, 00 UT Lecce, 22 June, 12UT
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

14. 4D distribution from air- and space-borne instruments
F20, 22 June, 10:30-12:30UT
Potenza
Flight direction
Naples
Lecce SN LE NA
Serra La Nave PO SN
CALIPSO, 22 June, 01UT
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

15. Conclusions
A moderate multi-intrusion event has been captured at EARLINET stations during ADRIMED SOP-1a
Larger values of AOD were found over Spain than over southern Italy
The vertical distribution is very similar in both Spanish sites while it is more heterogeneous over Italy where two intrusions from different origin are observed
Further analysis is needed to differentiate the mineralogy of both dust particles which are mixed
6 – 10 April, 2015 VIII Workshop on Lidar Measurement in Latin America /23

16. List of communications
F. Dulac et al., “An update on ChArMEx (the Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment) activities and plans for aerosol studies in the Mediterranean region”, European Aerosol Conference, Granada, Spain, L. Alados Arboledas and F. J. Olmo Reyes (Eds.) , 2 – 7 September 2012
J. Pey, C. Bujosa, S. Caballero, X. Querol, A. Alastuey, M Sicard, B. Artíñano, “Two years of measurements at a regional background site in the Balearics: first results” , European Aerosol Conference, Granada, Spain, L. Alados Arboledas and F. J. Olmo Reyes (Eds.) , 2 – 7 September 2012
F. Dulac et al., “The summer 2012 Saharan dust season in the western Mediterranean with focus on the intense event of late June during the Pre-ChArMEx campaign” , European Geosciences Union General Assembly, Vienna, Austria, April 2013
J. C. Cerro, J. Pey, C. Bujosa, S. Caballero, A. Alastuey, M Sicard, B. Artíñano, X. Querol, “Regional background aerosols over the Balearic Islands over the last 3 years: ground-based concentrations, atmospheric deposition and sources”, European Geosciences Union General Assembly, Vienna, Austria, April 2013
S. Basart, M. Sicard, J. M. Baldasano, D. Lange and A. Comerón, “Optical characteristics of biomass burning and desert dust over the Western Mediterranean during summer: a case study”, European Geosciences Union General Assembly, Vienna, Austria, April 2013
Acknowledgments
Spanish Ministry of Innovation and Sciences for the acciones complementarias ref. CGL E/CLI and CGL E/CLI.
1 – 3 July, st Iberian Meeting on Aerosol Science and Technology (RICTA) – Évora 16/23

17. WP 4: Radiative forcing and climate impact
Ersa (Corsica) and Lampedusa
Aerosol Physical properties : DMA (fine) and OPS (coarse) number size ditribution
Aerosol Chemical properties : DKTI, ACSM
Aerosol Optical properties : 1λ CAPS, 1λ PAX (total extinction & scattering), MAAP, 3λ nephelometer (scat.), 7λ aethalometer (abs.), PSAP (abs.), AERONET/PHOTON (whole-column 4λ AOD, SSA, refractive index)
Aerosol mixing : HVTDMA, SP2, ATOFMS
Radiative fluxes : pyranometer (SW), pyrgeometers (LW)
Aerosol vertical profiles : Lidar obs.
+ aircrafts: ATR42 (in-situ) and Falcon 20: remote sensing
+ balloons: O3 and particle number (profiling and drifting)