2. AWESOME LECTURE#2

3. Microfluidics + integrated circuit can control cells and chemical compounds.

4. MICROFLUID + INTEGRATED CIRCUIT =

5.  Overview…

6.  What are microfluids?

7.  Overview…  What are microfluids?  Lab on a Chip (control)

8.  Overview…  What are microfluids?  Lab on a Chip (control)  Tests & Applications

10.  SMALL FLUIDS!

11.  Channel < 1 mm in length

12.  SMALL FLUIDS!  Channel < 1 mm in length  Examples:

13.  SMALL FLUIDS!  Channel < 1 mm in length  Examples:

14.  SMALL FLUIDS!  Channel < 1 mm in length  Examples:

15.  SMALL FLUIDS!  Channel < 1 mm in length  Examples:

16.  SMALL FLUIDS!  Channel < 1 mm in length  Examples:

17.  Interesting properties…

18.  Reynolds Number (flow)

19.  Interesting properties…  Reynolds Number (flow)  Re = L V avg ρ/μ

20.  Interesting properties…  Reynolds Number (flow)  Re = L V avg ρ/μ ▪ L = most relevant length

21.  Interesting properties…  Reynolds Number (flow)  Re = L V avg ρ/μ ▪ L = most relevant length ▪ ρ = fluid density

22.  Interesting properties…  Reynolds Number (flow)  Re = L V avg ρ/μ ▪ L = most relevant length ▪ ρ = fluid density ▪ μ = viscosity

23.  Interesting properties…  Reynolds Number (flow)  Re = L V avg ρ/μ ▪ L = most relevant length ▪ ρ = fluid density ▪ μ = viscosity  Re < 100

24.  Interesting properties…  Reynolds Number (flow)  Re = L V avg ρ/μ ▪ L = most relevant length ▪ ρ = fluid density ▪ μ = viscosity  Re < 100  Re > 2000

25.  Types of Flow

26.  Pressure Driven Flow

27.  Types of Flow  Pressure Driven Flow  http://faculty.washington.edu/yagerp/microfluidicstutorial/tutorialhome.htm http://faculty.washington.edu/yagerp/microfluidicstutorial/tutorialhome.htm

28.  Types of Flow  Electrokinetic Flow

29.  Types of Flow  Electrokinetic Flow  http://faculty.washington.edu/yagerp/microfluidicstutorial/tutorialhome.htm http://faculty.washington.edu/yagerp/microfluidicstutorial/tutorialhome.htm

31.  What is it?

32.  Programmable chip + microfluidics chamber

33.  What is it?  Programmable chip + microfluidics chamber  Why do we need it?

34.  What is it?  Programmable chip + microfluidics chamber  Why do we need it?  Larger quantities

35.  What is it?  Programmable chip + microfluidics chamber  Why do we need it?  Larger quantities  Smaller objects

36.  What is it?  Programmable chip + microfluidics chamber  Why do we need it?  Larger quantities  Smaller objects  DNA, living cells, droplets of chemical compounds

37.  But how does it work?

38.  DIELECTROPHORESIS (DEP)

39.  But how does it work?  DIELECTROPHORESIS (DEP)  Non-uniform field  induced dipole

40.  But how does it work?  DIELECTROPHORESIS (DEP)  Non-uniform field  induced dipole  Apply local e-field

41.  But how does it work?  DIELECTROPHORESIS (DEP)  Non-uniform field  induced dipole  Apply local e-field  Different dielectric constant  force

42.  F DEP = 2πε m a 3 CM(ω) Grad(E rms 2 )

43.  Clausius-Mossoti factor

44.  F DEP = 2πε m a 3 CM(ω) Grad(E rms 2 )  Clausius-Mossoti factor  CM(ω) = Re [ (ε p - ε m ) / (ε p + 2 ε m )]

45.  F DEP = 2πε m a 3 CM(ω) Grad(E rms 2 )  Clausius-Mossoti factor  CM(ω) = Re [ (ε p - ε m ) / (ε p + 2 ε m )] ▪ CM(ω) < 0  nDEP

46.  F DEP = 2πε m a 3 CM(ω) Grad(E rms 2 )  Clausius-Mossoti factor  CM(ω) = Re [ (ε p - ε m ) / (ε p + 2 ε m )] ▪ CM(ω) < 0  nDEP ▪ CM(ω) > 0  pDEP

47. http://www.blazelabs.com/pics/emep.gif

49.  Voltage…

50.  AC fields

51.  Voltage…  AC fields  No ion shielding

52.  Voltage…  AC fields  No ion shielding  Less harmful

53.  Voltage…  AC fields  No ion shielding  Less harmful  5V CMOS process

54.  Voltage…  AC fields  No ion shielding  Less harmful  5V CMOS process  Lower noise

55.  Voltage…  AC fields  No ion shielding  Less harmful  5V CMOS process  Lower noise  Less heat

56.  Yeast

58.  Programming of large numbers of cells

59.  Yeast  Programming of large numbers of cells  Assembly of tissue

60. Mammalian cells work too!

61.  Rat alveolar macrophages

62. Mammalian cells work too!  Rat alveolar macrophages

63. Mammalian cells work too!  Rat alveolar macrophages  Presumably human cells work too!

64.  APPLICATIONS!

65.  Programmable chemistry

66.  APPLICATIONS!  Programmable chemistry  Tissue assembly

67.  APPLICATIONS!  Programmable chemistry  Tissue assembly  Art?

68.  APPLICATIONS!  Programmable chemistry  Tissue assembly  Art?  … no one will be able to see it…

69. Microfluids

70. ARE

71. Microfluids ARE very useful when combined with an integrated circuit.