1. Treatment – does it work? Why is this question important? − 12% of children − Treatments cost more than 1.5 billion − Want to help

2. How do we know about “effectiveness?’ 1.Comprehensive reviews 2.Meta-analysis Effect size = a common number which allows comparison across diverse studies Casey & Berman (1985) Weisz et al (1987) Kazdin et al. (1990) Some limitations to meta-analytic data

3. Differences between treatment research and naturally occurring treatment Population Heterogenous vs. homogenous Multiple problems vs. one problem Training of therapists Interactions with schools & parents Time of treatment

4. APA’s response to this problem Task force on empirically validated treatments Developed specific criteria (see outline)

5. Treatments meeting these criteria 1.Conduct disorder 2.ADHD 3.Anxiety & Depression 4.Autism 5.Enuresis & Encopresis 6.Eating disorders 7.Parent training for ODD 8.Pain manangement

6. Review for last exam Some multiple choice, still some essays Topics: − Conduct disorders − Eating disorders − Health related issues (sleep, enuresis, encopresis, chronic illnesses) − Anxiety disorders − Child abuse − treatment