1. The Periodic Table

3. The Table in General ► Columns  Called families  Elements have similar properties  As you go from top to bottom elements get larger  Elements in a family have properties in common

4. Smallest Element #1 Largest Element #114 As the Atomic Number gets bigger the atom gets bigger… Physically larger in size!

5. The Table in General ► Rows: (Periods)  First elements very active solids  Last element non reactive gas

6. Rows: (Periods) Reactive Metallic Solid Non-Reactive Non-Metallic Gas

7. The Table in General ► Rows: (Periods)  Get less reactive as you move from left to right  Reactivity: means to lose electrons  Atoms become less metallic left to right

8. Rows: (Periods) More Reactive More Metallic Less Reactive Less Metallic

9. Lanthanide Series Actinide Series Periodic of the Elements Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation 18 VIIIA 17 VIIA 16 VIA 12 IIB 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 7 VIIB 89 VIIIB 1011 IB 2 IIA 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 2 6 5 7 3 4 1 Rare Earth Elements Alkali Metals ___________ ___________ ___________

10. 1. Alkali Metals ► Color all these elements one color and add it to your key ► One electron in the valence shell ► Soft less dense metals ► Most reactive of all metals ► React with water to form bases ► Never found free in nature ► Found in soap, salt, baking soda

11. Lanthanide Series Actinide Series Periodic of the Elements Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation 18 VIIIA 17 VIIA 16 VIA 12 IIB 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 7 VIIB 89 VIIIB 1011 IB 2 IIA 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 2 6 5 7 3 4 1 Rare Earth Elements Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ ___________ ___________

12. 2. Alkaline Earth Metals ► Color all these elements one color and add it to your key ► Two electrons in the valence shell ► Harder, higher melting point and more dense than Alkali ► Also highly reactive ► Never found free in nature

13. Lanthanide Series Actinide Series Periodic of the Elements Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation 18 VIIIA 17 VIIA 16 VIA 12 IIB 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 7 VIIB 89 VIIIB 1011 IB 2 IIA 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 2 6 5 7 3 4 1 Rare Earth Elements Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ ___________ ___________

14. 3 – 12 Transition Elements ► Color all these elements one color and add it to your key ► Good conductors of heat and electricity ► Higher melting point than either of the first two families ► Some are hard and brittle ► Combine with oxygen to form oxides ► Form brightly colored compounds

15. 3 to 12 Transition Elements

16. Lanthanide Series Actinide Series Periodic of the Elements Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation 18 VIIIA 17 VIIA 16 VIA 12 IIB 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 7 VIIB 89 VIIIB 1011 IB 2 IIA 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 2 6 5 7 3 4 1 Rare Earth Elements Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ ___________ ___________

17. Rare Earth Elements ► Color all these elements one color label their names and add it to your key ► 2 nd row Actinide Series: All but three are synthetic (man made) ► Best known are Uranium and plutonium which are used as nuclear fuels

18. Rare Earth Elements ► Color all these elements one color label their names and add it to your key ► 1 st row Lanthanide Series: Soft, malleable, high luster, great conductors, used to make alloys (mixed with other elements to gain more desirable properties than the element alone) ► All elements have very similar properties

19. Lanthanide Series Actinide Series Periodic of the Elements Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation 18 VIIIA 17 VIIA 16 VIA 12 IIB 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 7 VIIB 89 VIIIB 1011 IB 2 IIA 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 2 6 5 7 3 4 1 Rare Earth Elements Alkali Metals ___________ Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________

20. 13 Boron Family ► Color all these elements one color and add it to your key ► Three electrons in the valence shell ► Aluminum is third most common element on earth

21. Lanthanide Series Actinide Series Periodic of the Elements Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation 18 VIIIA 17 VIIA 16 VIA 12 IIB 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 7 VIIB 89 VIIIB 1011 IB 2 IIA 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 2 6 5 7 3 4 1 Rare Earth Elements Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth ___________ Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________

22. 14 Carbon Family ► Color all these elements one color and add it to your key ► Four electrons in the valence shell ► Forms organic compounds ► Silicon second most abundant in earths crust and is a metalloid ► Germanium is a metalloid used in transistors ► Tin resists rusting and corrosion ► Lead is very dense and poisonous

23. Lanthanide Series Actinide Series Periodic of the Elements Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation 18 VIIIA 17 VIIA 16 VIA 12 IIB 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 7 VIIB 89 VIIIB 1011 IB 2 IIA 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 2 6 5 7 3 4 1 Rare Earth Elements Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition ___________ Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________

24. 15 Nitrogen Family ► Color all these elements one color and add it to your key ► 5 electrons in the outer shell ► Nitrogen : Most abundant element in earths atmosphere, stable, does not combine easily, used in fertilizer, dyes Ex: (NH 3 ) Ammonia ► Phosphorus: Match tips ► Arsenic: rat poison

25. Lanthanide Series Actinide Series Periodic of the Elements Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation 18 VIIIA 17 VIIA 16 VIA 12 IIB 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 7 VIIB 89 VIIIB 1011 IB 2 IIA 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 2 6 5 7 3 4 1 Rare Earth Elements Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth ___________ Boron Family ___________

26. 16 Oxygen Family ► Color all these elements one color and add it to your key ► 6 electrons in outer shell ► Oxygen: Very reactive, combines with most other elements, supports burning ► Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium: brittle, make variety of compounds

27. Lanthanide Series Actinide Series Periodic of the Elements Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation 18 VIIIA 17 VIIA 16 VIA 12 IIB 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 7 VIIB 89 VIIIB 1011 IB 2 IIA 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 2 6 5 7 3 4 1 Rare Earth Elements Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth Halogen Boron Family ___________

28. 17 Halogen Family ► Color all these elements one color and add it to your key ► Seven electrons in the valence shell ► Name comes from two Greek words, Halo Gens, this means- Salt Producing. ► Most chemically reactive non-metals ► Never found free in nature ► As gases form diatonic elements ex: F 2, Cl 2 ► Combine with metals to form salts ex: NaCl= table salt

29. Lanthanide Series Actinide Series Periodic of the Elements Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation 18 VIIIA 17 VIIA 16 VIA 12 IIB 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 7 VIIB 89 VIIIB 1011 IB 2 IIA 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 2 6 5 7 3 4 1 Rare Earth Elements Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth Halogen Boron Family Noble Gases

30. 18 Noble Gases ► Color all these elements one color and add it to your key ► Full Valence (outer electron) shell, He 2 electrons the rest 8 electrons ► Inert, do not combine with other elements ► He- balloons, Ne- signs, Ar- fill in windows, Xe- photographic lamps, Rn- Treats cancer

31. Hydrogen- All alone ► Color this element one color and add it to your key ► One valence electron ► Highly reactive ► Highly combustible ► Colorless gas at room temperature

32. Lanthanide Series Actinide Series Periodic of the Elements Periodic Table of the Elements 1- New designation IA- Original designation 18 VIIIA 17 VIIA 16 VIA 12 IIB 13 IIIA 14 IVA 15 VA 7 VIIB 89 VIIIB 1011 IB 2 IIA 3 IIIB 4 IVB 5 VB 6 VIB 2 6 5 7 3 4 1 Rare Earth Elements Alkali Metals Carbon Alkaline Earth Nitrogen Transition Oxygen Rare Earth Halogen Boron Family Noble Gases

33. Three Categories ► Metals ► Non-Metals ► Metalloids

34. Properties of a Metal ► Physical  superior electric and thermal conductivity  high luster  High density  Malleable- ability to be deformed under stress without cleaving (breaking)  Alkali & Alkaline Earth metals are extremely reactive, low density, hardness, and melting points

35. Properties of a Metal ► Chemical  Form positively charged ions  Metals can be easily oxidized. Oxidation is informally known as the process of corrosion  Metals can react with acid  Some metals, like sodium or calcium will react with water to make a base

36. Metalloids: Draw the step ladder & identify the metalloids (use spots) Draw in the step ladder and mark the Metalloids.

37. Definition of a Metalloid ► Found in the area between the metals and the nonmetals on the Periodic Table ► Sometimes called semi-metals and have characteristics that are similar to both metals and nonmetals.

38. Non-Metal: Identify the non-metals (use stripes) Mark the Non-Metals

39. Properties of a Non-Metal ► Physical  low electrical conductivity  brittle when solid  Most are solid and gas (Bromine is a liquid)  dull  Do not conduct heat end electricity well  lower melting points and boiling points than metals ► Chemical  Form negatively charged ions

40. Read the Element 77IrIridium192.217 9 281832152 6

41. Family Ties Review ► Vertical lines _________________________ ► Horizontal rows________________________ ► Most elements are _______________________ ► Elements on the zigzag are __________________ ► Elements in the top right are _________________ ► 1 electron reactive family____________________ ► 2 electron reactive family____________________ ► 3-12 families______________________________ ► Elements that form salts_____________________ ► Elements that do not react___________________ ► First row that is pulled out ___________________ ► Second row that is pulled out _________________

42. Family Ties Review ► Vertical lines Families ► Horizontal rows________________________ ► Most elements are _______________________ ► Elements on the zigzag are __________________ ► Elements in the top right are _________________ ► 1 electron reactive family____________________ ► 2 electron reactive family____________________ ► 3-12 families______________________________ ► Elements that form salts_____________________ ► Elements that do not react___________________ ► First row that is pulled out ___________________ ► Second row that is pulled out _________________

43. Family Ties Review ► Vertical lines Families ► Horizontal rows Periods ► Most elements are _______________________ ► Elements on the zigzag are __________________ ► Elements in the top right are _________________ ► 1 electron reactive family____________________ ► 2 electron reactive family____________________ ► 3-12 families______________________________ ► Elements that form salts_____________________ ► Elements that do not react___________________ ► First row that is pulled out ___________________ ► Second row that is pulled out _________________

44. Family Ties Review ► Vertical lines Families ► Horizontal rows Periods ► Most elements are Metals ► Elements on the zigzag are __________________ ► Elements in the top right are _________________ ► 1 electron reactive family____________________ ► 2 electron reactive family____________________ ► 3-12 families______________________________ ► Elements that form salts_____________________ ► Elements that do not react___________________ ► First row that is pulled out ___________________ ► Second row that is pulled out _________________

45. Family Ties Review ► Vertical lines Families ► Horizontal rows Periods ► Most elements are Metals ► Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are _________________ ► 1 electron reactive family____________________ ► 2 electron reactive family____________________ ► 3-12 families______________________________ ► Elements that form salts_____________________ ► Elements that do not react___________________ ► First row that is pulled out ___________________ ► Second row that is pulled out _________________

46. Family Ties Review ► Vertical lines Families ► Horizontal rows Periods ► Most elements are Metals ► Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Non-Metals ► 1 electron reactive family____________________ ► 2 electron reactive family____________________ ► 3-12 families______________________________ ► Elements that form salts_____________________ ► Elements that do not react___________________ ► First row that is pulled out ___________________ ► Second row that is pulled out _________________

47. Family Ties Review ► Vertical lines Families ► Horizontal rows Periods ► Most elements are Metals ► Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Non-Metals ► 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals ► 2 electron reactive family____________________ ► 3-12 families______________________________ ► Elements that form salts_____________________ ► Elements that do not react___________________ ► First row that is pulled out ___________________ ► Second row that is pulled out _________________

48. Family Ties Review ► Vertical lines Families ► Horizontal rows Periods ► Most elements are Metals ► Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Non-Metals ► 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals ► 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth ► 3-12 families______________________________ ► Elements that form salts_____________________ ► Elements that do not react___________________ ► First row that is pulled out ___________________ ► Second row that is pulled out _________________

49. Family Ties Review ► Vertical lines Families ► Horizontal rows Periods ► Most elements are Metals ► Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Non-Metals ► 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals ► 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth ► 3-12 families Transition Elements ► Elements that form salts_____________________ ► Elements that do not react___________________ ► First row that is pulled out ___________________ ► Second row that is pulled out _________________

50. Family Ties Review ► Vertical lines Families ► Horizontal rows Periods ► Most elements are Metals ► Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Non-Metals ► 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals ► 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth ► 3-12 families Transition Elements ► Elements that form salts Halogens ► Elements that do not react___________________ ► First row that is pulled out ___________________ ► Second row that is pulled out _________________

51. Family Ties Review ► Vertical lines Families ► Horizontal rows Periods ► Most elements are Metals ► Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Non-Metals ► 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals ► 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth ► 3-12 families Transition Elements ► Elements that form salts Halogens ► Elements that do not react Nobel Gasses ► First row that is pulled out ___________________ ► Second row that is pulled out _________________

52. Family Ties Review ► Vertical lines Families ► Horizontal rows Periods ► Most elements are Metals ► Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Non-Metals ► 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals ► 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth ► 3-12 families Transition Elements ► Elements that form salts Halogens ► Elements that do not react Nobel Gasses ► First row that is pulled out Lanthanide Series ► Second row that is pulled out _________________

53. Family Ties Review ► Vertical lines Families ► Horizontal rows Periods ► Most elements are Metals ► Elements on the zigzag are Metalloids ► Elements in the top right are Non-Metals ► 1 electron reactive family Alkali Metals ► 2 electron reactive family Alkaline Earth ► 3-12 families Transition Elements ► Elements that form salts Halogens ► Elements that do not react Nobel Gasses ► First row that is pulled out Lanthanide Series ► Second row that is pulled out Actinide Series

54. Element Example 1. Element Chlorine 3. Atomic Mass 4. Atomic number 5. Family 6. Period 2. Symbol Cl 35.453 17 3 17

55. 1. Element __________________ 2. Symbol___________________ 3. Atomic Mass________________ 4. Atomic number______________ 5. Family____________________ 6. Period____________________