1. 1 INSETRom A European Project for Roma Pupils’ Educational Inclusion INSETROM in Austria Dr. Mikael Luciak University of Vienna

2. 13.11.2009MCL 20092 Roma in Austria Autochthonous Migrant Background Burgenland-Roma Gurbet (Vlach) Sinti Kalderaš (Vlach) Lovara (Vlach) Arlije Estimated group size: 25,000 - 40,000 people (total); about 2/3 migrant background

3. 13.11.2009MCL 20093 Within-Group Diversity Socio-political status Socio-political status Settlement area Settlement area History - Culture – Language - Religion History - Culture – Language - Religion Length of stay in Austria Length of stay in Austria Relationship to the majority population Relationship to the majority population

4. 13.11.2009MCL 20094 What is Roma Education? „Special“ education for Roma? „Special“ education for Roma? e.g., special needs education; reduced curriculum: „practical“ education e.g., special needs education; reduced curriculum: „practical“ education Minority schooling? Minority schooling? e.g., bilingual/bicultural education Culturally responsive teaching in inclusive educational settings? Culturally responsive teaching in inclusive educational settings?

5. 13.11.2009MCL 20095 What is Roma Inclusion? (1) Increasing school participation and attendance rates Placement/Access in regular schools Improving educational achievement Social integration and participation in all areas of life

6. 13.11.2009MCL 20096 What is Roma Inclusion? (2) Developing inclusive/ intercultural curricula and pedagogy Inclusive/ intercultural teacher education Fostering relationships with parents and Roma communities

7. 13.11.2009MCL 20097 What is the problem?

8. 13.11.2009MCL 20098 Assumption Knowing the - History of schooling of Roma in Austria and in other countries - Data on educational underachievement of immigrant students with socially disadvantaged backgrounds - - The school systems‘ inadequate response to diversity → Assumption: Roma students underachieve and participate less in education

9. 13.11.2009MCL 20099 What is the evidence? No school statistics on Roma No school statistics on Roma Data on citizenship and language not conclusive Data on citizenship and language not conclusive No data on school choice and achievement No data on school choice and achievement No data on absenteeism/ drop-out rate No data on absenteeism/ drop-out rate No data on transition from school to work No data on transition from school to work Lack of research Lack of research

10. 13.11.2009MCL 200910 Research methodology Qualitative interviews (individuals/ groups) - Teachers - Roma native language teachers and - assistants - Roma parents and Roma students - Heads and instructors in after-school programmes Participant observation in schools and afterschool programmes

11. 13.11.2009MCL 200911 Achievement and Participation of Roma with migrant background Comparatively low educational attainment Higher rates of absenteeism Higher rate of early school leavers Low parent involvement Difficult transition from school to work

12. 13.11.2009MCL 200912 Predominant explanations Teachers Teachers - Roma are not interested in education; Children come to school unprepared; No homework Students Students - Lack of support from parents; Learning environment at home not conducive Parents Parents - Children do not learn/ attend school; Teachers want to send children to special schools

13. 13.11.2009MCL 200913 Interrelating explanatory variables Cultural and language differences Cultural and language differences Social background and home environment Social background and home environment Parents‘ attitudes, aspirations, educational level, knowledge about the school system Parents‘ attitudes, aspirations, educational level, knowledge about the school system Institutional/ systemic factors Institutional/ systemic factors Structural/ societal inequalities Structural/ societal inequalities

14. 13.11.2009MCL 200914 Teacher In-Service Training Indicated because: Teacher‘s preconceived notions about Roma and „Roma culture“ Teacher‘s preconceived notions about Roma and „Roma culture“ Lack of knowledge about Roma Lack of knowledge about Roma Lack of recognition of Roma identity Lack of recognition of Roma identity Lack of knowledge about languages spoken Lack of knowledge about languages spoken Unsuccessful strategies in working with parents Unsuccessful strategies in working with parents

15. 13.11.2009MCL 200915 Teacher In-Service Training Goals: Increase participation and access Increase participation and access Empowerment and social integration Empowerment and social integration Reduce the risk of segregation Reduce the risk of segregation Improve learning outcomes Improve learning outcomes Improve teacher-parent collaboration Improve teacher-parent collaboration

16. 13.11.2009MCL 200916 Teacher In-Service Training Process: Reflection on own social/ cultural background; stereotypes and prejudices Reflection on own social/ cultural background; stereotypes and prejudices Understand meaning of cultural and language differences Understand meaning of cultural and language differences Understand relevance of systemic and structural factors Understand relevance of systemic and structural factors Develop more inclusive/ intercultural curricula and pedagogy Develop more inclusive/ intercultural curricula and pedagogy Collaboration with Roma teachers/ assistants Collaboration with Roma teachers/ assistants

17. 13.11.2009MCL 200917 Empirical evidence on outcomes – Knowledge and Insights gained Focus on inter-relations instead of culture of „the other“ Focus on inter-relations instead of culture of „the other“ Understand diffent values, norms, customs Understand diffent values, norms, customs Learn to use gate-keepers to get access to Roma families Learn to use gate-keepers to get access to Roma families Don‘t rely on parents‘ help with homework Don‘t rely on parents‘ help with homework No written notices to parents No written notices to parents Inquire about language use and competencies Inquire about language use and competencies

18. 13.11.2009MCL 200918 Empirical evidence on outcomes – Practical implementation Use school materials and literature on Roma Poems and songs in Romanes Visit exhibts on Roma history and daily life Discussing stereotypes and prejudices Teacher-parent conferences with help of Roma native language teacher Collaboration with after-school programmes

19. 19 Schukar Di!