1. Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) CGE Training Materials National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Key Category Analysis Version 2, April 2012 Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

2. Target Audience and Objective of the Training Materials  These training materials are suitable for people with beginner to intermediate level knowledge of national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory development.  After having read this presentation, in combination with the related documentation, the reader should:  Have an overview of how key category analyses are conducted  Have a general understanding of the methods available, as well as of the main challenges in that particular area  Be able to determine which methods suits their country’s situation best  Know where to find more detailed information on the topic discussed.  These training materials have been developed primarily on the basis of methodologies developed, by the IPCC; hence the reader is always encouraged to refer to the original documents to obtain further detailed information on a particular issue. 2 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

3. Acronyms and Abbreviations  ADActivity Data  GHGGreenhouse Gas  GPGGood Practice Guidance  GWPGlobal Warming Potential  KCAKey Category Analysis  LULUCFLand Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry  QA/QCQuality Assurance/Quality Control 3 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

4. Definition  A key category is one that is prioritised within the national inventory system because its estimate has a significant influence on a country’s total inventory of GHG, in terms of the:  Absolute level  The trend, or  The uncertainty in emissions and removals.  Also, national circumstances may point at additional key categories (relevant even if they do not fully meet the requisites above) based on a qualitative analysis. 4 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

5. Rationale  It is good practice to:  Identify national key categories in a systematic and objective manner, i.e. to undertake key category analysis  Use the results of the key category analysis as a basis for methodological and resource allocation choices. 5 Improved inventory quality, as well as greater confidence in the estimates that are developed. Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

6. Key Category Analysis  Non-Annex I Parties are encouraged to fulfil this good practice only if they:  Have the AD needed to apply the higher level methodology and  Can collect relevant data without jeopardizing the financial resources required for the whole inventory process.  If not, the level of detail must be reduced until a balance with the available AD is reached:  Tier 3 > Tier 2 > Tier 1  Keep in mind that KCA is a tool that helps you prioritize limited resources by:  Focusing on the most important sources/sinks of emissions in the country  Determining the most appropriate methodological approach (more detailed, higher- tier methods should be selected for key categories). 6 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

7. General Guidance  The current guidelines for national communications (NCs) from non-Annex I Parties encourage the use of the GPG-2000 and the GPG-LULUCF for KCA analysis.  GHG inventory compilers are required to perform KCA twice:  The key (source) categories should first be identified excluding LULUCF (i.e., key categories should be identified for the energy, industrial processes, solvent and other product use, agriculture, and waste sectors) following the guidance in GPG2000, Chapter 7 (Methodological Choice and Recalculation).  The key category analysis should then be repeated for the full inventory including the LULUCF categories. 7 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

8. Caution!  It is possible that some non-LULUCF categories identified as key in the first analysis will not appear as key when the LULUCF categories are included:  These categories should still be considered as key.  In a few cases, in countries with small net LULUCF emissions or removals, the integrated analysis may identify additional non-LULUCF categories as key:  The analysis performed for the non- LULUCF sectors should be used to identify the key categories in those sectors, and the additional non- LULUCF categories identified in the combined analysis should not be considered as key. Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 8

9. Identifying Key Categories  Any inventory agency that has prepared a national GHG inventory will be able to identify key categories in terms of their contribution to the absolute level of national emissions.  For those inventory agencies that have prepared a time series, the quantitative determination of key categories should include evaluation of both the absolute level and the trend of emissions and removals.  Some key categories may only be identified when their influence on the trend of the national inventory is taken into account. 9 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

10. 10 Quality of estimates: Box 3 > Box 2 > Box 1 KCA is done for the inventory as a whole Box 1 Box 3 Box 2 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Decision tree to choose a method in a way that is consistent with good practice

11. Identifying Key Categories  Good practice in determining the appropriate level of disaggregation of categories:  Use subcategory disaggregation suggested by IPCC (see sector guidance)  Consider separately each GHG for each category (default choice unless otherwise appropriate)  If data are available, undertake a separate analysis for emissions and removals. 11 Table 5.4.1 of the GPG-LULUCF provides information on the recommended level of aggregation for all sectors. Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

12. Identifying Key Categories (continued) 12 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

13. Determination of Significant Subcategories  For each key category, determine whether certain subcategories are particularly significant:  A subcategory is significant when it has a high contribution to the key category emissions  If information on subcategories is available, those potentially significant ones could be included in the key category analysis at the level of categories.  It is good practice to estimate emissions from significant subcategories applying the most detailed and specific methodology alllowed by the available activity data.  Non-significant subcategories can be treated with Tier 1 methods. 13 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

14. Approaches  Quantitative approaches to determining key categories:  Basic Tier 1 approach (level and trend) and  Tier 2 approach (level and trend), which takes uncertainties into account.  In addition to making a quantitative determination of key categories, it is good practice to consider qualitative criteria, particularly when a Tier 1 assessment is performed or lower tier estimation methods are used.  The good practice guidance provided in the two GPGs is applicable to the full inventory of emissions and removals. Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 14

15. Start Here!  If it is the first time, prepare a preliminary inventory for the year of interest applying Tier 1 methods for all categories.  If you already have a GHG inventory, then use the available GHG data for the most recent year.  List source and sink categories separately.  Express emissions in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2 eq) (using the IPCC GWP values). 15 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

16. Quantitative Approach Tier 1: Level Assessment 16  Based on assessing the influence of various categories of sources and sinks on the level, of the national GHG inventory: Key categories are those that, when summed together in descending order of magnitude, add up to 95 % of the sum of all L x,t. Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

17. Estimate GHG Emissions and Removals LULUCF 17 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

18. Step 1: Only consider emissions 18 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

19. Step 2: Order activities in descending order 19 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

20. Step 3: Sum up all emissions 20 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

21. Step 4: Find percentage contribution 21 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

22. Step 5: Add up to 95% of total emissions 95% 22 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

23. But, this is only half of the work! LULUCF 23 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

24. Step 6: Convert removals into “emissions” LULUCF 24 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

25. Step 7: Sum up all “emissions” 25 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

26. Step 8: Order all activities in descending order 26 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

27. Step 9: Find percentage contribution of all activities 27 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

28. Step 10: Add up to 95% of “total emissions” 95% 28 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

29. Key Categories  KCA (only emissions):  Activity 4  Activity 1  Activity 3  Activity 2  Activity 5  Activity 6  KCA (emissions and removals)  Activity 9  Activity 4  Activity 1  Activity 3  Activity 2  Activity 5  Activity 6  Activity 10 29 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

30. Example from the GPG-LULUCF 30 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

31. Quantitative approach Tier 1: Trend Assessment 31  Categories that may not be large enough to be identified by the level assessment, but whose trend is significantly different from the trend of the overall inventory. Categories whose trend diverges most from the total trend should be identified as key, when this difference is weighted by the level of emissions or removals of the category in the base year. Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

32. Quantitative approach Tier 1: Trend Assessment 32 Example 2: Calculate the % contribution to the trend for the variable below Refrigeration and air conditioning VariableValue Emissions from refrigeration and AC in year 0 (Gg CO 2 eq)10 Total inventory emissions in year 0 (Gg CO 2 eq)95 |Emissions from refrigeration and AC | / Sum |individual emissions|9% Emissions from refrigeration and AC in year t (Gg CO 2 eq)5 Total inventory emissions in year t (Gg CO 2 eq)76 Trend assessment total0.122 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

33. Quantitative approach Tier 1: Trend Assessment 33 Example 2: Step 1 Calculate (Ex,t - Ex.0)/ │Ex,0│  (5-10)/ │10│ = - 0.5 VariableValue Emissions from refrigeration and AC in year 0 (Gg CO 2 eq)10 Total inventory emissions in year 0 (Gg CO 2 eq)95 |Emissions from refrigeration and AC | / Sum |individual emissions|9% Emissions from refrigeration and AC in year t (Gg CO 2 eq)5 Total inventory emissions in year t (Gg CO 2 eq)76 Trend assessment total0.122 Refrigeration and air conditioning Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

34. Quantitative approach Tier 1: Trend Assessment 34 Example 2: Step 2 Calculate (Total inventory t - Total inventory 0) / │ Total inventory 0 │  (76-95) / │95│ = - 0.2 VariableValue Emissions from refrigeration and AC in year 0 (Gg CO 2 eq)10 Total inventory emissions in year 0 (Gg CO 2 eq)95 |Emissions from refrigeration and AC | / Sum |individual emissions|9% Emissions from refrigeration and AC in year t (Gg CO 2 eq)5 Total inventory emissions in year t (Gg CO 2 eq)76 Trend assessment total0.122 (Ex,t – Ex,0)/|Ex,0|-0.5 Refrigeration and air conditioning Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

35. Quantitative approach Tier 1: Trend Assessment 35 Example 2: Step 3 Calculate the trend assessment for refrigeration and AC  (0.09) * │- 0.5 - (-0.2)│ = 0.0261 VariableValue Emissions from refrigeration and AC in year 0 (Gg CO 2 eq)10 Total inventory emissions in year 0 (Gg CO 2 eq)95 |Emissions from refrigeration and AC | / Sum |individual emissions|9% Emissions from refrigeration and AC in year t (Gg CO 2 eq)5 Total inventory emissions in year t (Gg CO 2 eq)76 Trend assessment total0.122 (Ex,t – Ex,0)/|Ex,0|-0.5 (Total inventory t – Total inventory 0) / Total inventory 0-0.2 Refrigeration and air conditioning Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

36. Quantitative approach Tier 1: Trend Assessment 36 Example 2: Step 4 VariableValue Emissions from refrigeration and AC in year 0 (Gg CO 2 eq)10 Total inventory emissions in year 0 (Gg CO 2 eq)95 |Emissions from refrigeration and AC | / Sum |individual emissions|9% Emissions from refrigeration and AC in year t (Gg CO 2 eq)5 Total inventory emissions in year t (Gg CO 2 eq)76 Trend assessment total0.122 (Ex,t – Ex,0)/|Ex,0|-0.5 (Total inventory t – Total inventory 0) / Total inventory 0-0.2 Trend assessment for refrigeration and AC0.0261 Refrigeration and air conditioning Calculate the contribution to the trend from refrigeration and AC  0.0261 / 0.122 = 21.4% Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

37. Quantitative approach Tier 1: Trend Assessment Example 2: Steps 5, 6 and 7 37 VariableValue Emissions from refrigeration and AC in year 0 (Gg CO 2 eq)10 Total inventory emissions in year 0 (Gg CO 2 eq)95 |Emissions from refrigeration and AC | / Sum |individual emissions|9% Emissions from refrigeration and AC in year t (Gg CO 2 eq)5 Total inventory emissions in year t (Gg CO 2 eq)76 Trend assessment total0.122 (Ex,t – Ex,0)/|Ex,0|-0.5 (Total inventory t – Total inventory 0) / Total inventory 0-0.2 Trend assessment for refrigeration and AC0.0261 % contribution to the overall trend21.4% Refrigeration and air conditioning Repeat for all sources and sinks and then … 5.Rank sources according to their contribution to the trend 6.Calculate cumulative contribution 7.Identify sources contributing to 95% of the trend (Key Categories) Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

38. Quantitative approach Tier 2: Level Assessment with uncertainties 38  Key categories are based on uncertainty analysis, level assessment Results should be sorted according to decreasing order of magnitude. Key Categories are those that add up to 90 % of the sum of all LUx,t. They should be added to the KC identified with Tier 1 and can inform inventory improvements. Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

39. Quantitative approach Tier 2: Trend Assessment with uncertainties 39  Key categories are based on uncertainty analysis, trend assessment Results should be sorted according to decreasing order of magnitude. Key Categories are those that add up to 90 % of the sum of all TUx,t. They should be added to the KC identified with Tier 1 and can inform inventory improvements. Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

40. Quantitative approach Tier 2: Level Assessment with uncertainties  Example 3: Identify Key Categories based on Tier 2 (including uncertainty) level assessment 40 IPCC categoryGHGEmissions (Gg CO2eq) /Ext/ (Gg CO2eq) Lxt Energy industries: gasCO 2 25 25% Manufacturing industries and construction: solidCO 2 20 20% Road transportCO 2 15 15% Solid waste disposalCH 4 15 15% Forest land remaining forest landCO 2 -101010% Direct N 2 O emissions from managed soilsN2ON2O10 10% Refrigeration and air conditioningHFCs, PFCs555% Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

41. Quantitative approach Tier 2: Level Assessment with uncertainties  Example 3: Step 1 41 Add uncertainty data IPCC categoryGHGEmissions (Gg CO2eq) /Ext/ (Gg CO2eq) LxtUx Energy industries: gasCO 2 25 25%10% Manufacturing industries and construction: solidCO 2 20 20%15% Road transportCO 2 15 15%10% Solid waste disposalCH 4 15 15%25% Forest land remaining forest landCO 2 -101010%40% Direct N 2 O emissions from managed soilsN2ON2O10 10%50% Refrigeration and air conditioning HFCs, PFCs555%45% Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

42. IPCC categoryGHGEmissions (Gg CO2eq) /Ext/ (Gg CO2eq) LxtUxLxt * Ux Energy industries: gasCO 2 25 25%10%2.5% Manufacturing industries and construction: solidCO 2 20 20%15%3.0% Road transportCO 2 15 15%10%1.5% Solid waste disposalCH 4 15 15%25%3.8% Forest land remaining forest landCO 2 -101010%40%4.0% Direct N 2 O emissions from managed soilsN2ON2O10 10%50%5.0% Refrigeration and air conditioningHFCs, PFCs555%45%2.3% Quantitative approach Tier 2: Level Assessment with uncertainties  Example 3: Step 2 42 Multiply % uncertainty by the % contribution Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

43. IPCC categoryGHGEmissions (Gg CO2eq) /Ext/ (Gg CO2eq) LxtUxLxt * Ux Energy industries: gasCO 2 25 25%10%2.5% Manufacturing industries and construction: solidCO 2 20 20%15%3.0% Road transportCO 2 15 15%10%1.5% Solid waste disposalCH 4 15 15%25%3.8% Forest land remaining forest landCO 2 -101010%40%4.0% Direct N 2 O emissions from managed soilsN2ON2O10 10%50%5.0% Refrigeration and air conditioningHFCs, PFCs555%45%2.3% Total8010022% Quantitative approach Tier 2: Level Assessment with uncertainties  Example 3: Step 3 43 Calculate Total Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

44. Quantitative approach Tier 2: Level Assessment with uncertainties  Example 3: Step 4 44 IPCC categoryGHGEmissions (Gg CO2eq) /Ext/ (Gg CO2eq) LxtUxLxt * Ux % of total Energy industries: gasCO 2 25 25%10%2.5%11.4% Manufacturing industries and construction: solidCO 2 20 20%15%3.0%13.6% Road transportCO 2 15 15%10%1.5%6.8% Solid waste disposalCH 4 15 15%25%3.8%17.0% Forest land remaining forest landCO 2 -101010%40%4.0%18.2% Direct N 2 O emissions from managed soilsN2ON2O10 10%50%5.0%22.7% Refrigeration and air conditioning HFCs, PFCs555%45%2.3%10.2% Total8010022% Calculate % of Total e.g. 0.025/0.22 = 11.4% Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

45. Quantitative approach Tier 2: Level Assessment with uncertainties  Example 3: Step 5 45 IPCC categoryGHGEmissions (Gg CO2eq) /Ext/ (Gg CO2eq) LxtUxLxt * Ux % of total Direct N 2 O emissions from managed soilsN2ON2O10 10%50%5.0%22.7% Forest land remaining forest landCO 2 -101010%40%4.0%18.2% Solid waste disposalCH 4 15 15%25%3.8%17.0% Manufacturing industries and construction: solidCO 2 20 20%15%3.0%13.6% Energy industries: gasCO 2 25 25%10%2.5%11.4% Refrigeration and air conditioning HFCs, PFCs555%45%2.3%10.2% Road transportCO 2 15 15%10%1.5%6.8% Total8010022% Rank high Low Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

46. Quantitative approach Tier 2: Level Assessment with uncertainties  Example 3: Step 6 46 IPCC categoryGHGEmissions (Gg CO2eq) /Ext/ (Gg CO2eq) LxtUxLxt * Ux% of totalcumulative % of total Direct N 2 O emissions from managed soilsN2O10 10%50%5.0%22.7% Forest land remaining forest landCO2-101010%40%4.0%18.2%40.9% Solid waste disposalCH415 15%25%3.8%17.0%58.0% Manufacturing industries and construction: solidCO220 20%15%3.0%13.6%71.6% Energy industries: gasCO225 25%10%2.5%11.4%83.0% Refrigeration and air conditioning HFCs, PFCs555%45%2.3%10.2%93.2% Road transportCO215 15%10%1.5%6.8%100.0% Calculate cumulative and identify 90% contribution Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

47. Qualitative Criteria  Mitigation techniques and technologies: If emissions from a category are being reduced or removals increased through the use of climate change mitigation techniques, it is good practice to identify these categories as key.  High expected growth of emissions or removals: If the inventory agency expects emissions or removals from a category to grow significantly in the future, they are encouraged to identify that category as key. Some of these categories will be identified by the Trend Assessment or will be identified in the future. Because it is important to implement a higher tier good practice method as soon as possible, however, early identification using qualitative criteria is important.  High uncertainty: If the inventory agency is not taking uncertainty explicitly into account by using the Tier 2 method to identify key categories, they may want to identify the most uncertain categories as key. This is because the largest reductions in overall inventory uncertainty can be achieved by improving estimates of highly uncertain categories. Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

48. Qualitative Criteria  Unexpectedly high or low emissions or removals: When emissions or removals are far higher or lower than would be expected using the methods in the IPCC Guidelines, these categories should be designated as key. Particular attention to QA/QC.  Large stocks: When a small net flux results from the subtraction of large emissions and removals, the uncertainty can be very high. Thus, when moving from the Tier 1 to higher tier estimation methods the order of IPCC Source Categories may change and previously insignificant categories may become significant.  Deforestation: In the quantitative key category analysis, deforestation is spread out under the different land- use change categories (e.g., Lands converted to grassland are considered separately from Lands converted to cropland). To ensure consistency with the IPCC Guidelines, countries should identify and sum up the emission estimates associated with forest conversion to any other land category. “Deforestation” should be considered key if the sum is larger than the smallest category considered key in the quantitative analysis. Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

49. Qualitative Criteria  Completeness: Neither the Tier 1 nor the Tier 2 approach gives correct results if the inventory is not complete. The analysis can still be performed, but there may be key categories among those not estimated. In these cases it is good practice to qualitatively examine potential key categories applying the qualitative considerations above. The inventory of a country with similar national circumstances can also often give good indications on potential key categories. Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

50. Reporting and Documentation  It is good practice to:  Clearly document the results of the KCA in the inventory report  List the criteria by which each category was identified as key  e.g. Level, trend or qualitative  Indicate the method used to undertake quantitative KCA  Tier1 and/or Tier 2  Report results using the IPCC tables 50 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

51. Reporting Tables Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

52. Key Category Analysis – Summary/Checklist  If first time, prepare a preliminary inventory for the year of interest applying Tier 1 methods for all categories  If you already have a GHG inventory, the use the GHG data for the most recent year  List source and sink categories separately  Express emissions in CO 2 eq (using the IPCC GWP values)  Sort categories according a decreasing order or magnitude of emissions/captures  Calculate the relative contribution of each category to the total emissions/captures  Calculate the cumulative relative contribuition of categories and draw a threshold level at the point when 95% of national emissions/capture is reached  Key categories are those that integrate the group of categories that accumulate the upper 95% of national GHG emissions 52 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

53. Thank you 53 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

54. CASE STUDY: CHILE 54 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

55. Example 2000 GHG inventory of Chile (Gg CO 2 -equivalent) Sector/subsector CO 2 Emissions (Gg/year) CO 2 Removal (Gg/year) CH 4 (Gg eq/year) N 2 O (Gg eq/year) Total Total National53.623,5-29.819,2011.755,87.812,043.372,1 1. Energy48.730,002.190,3341,051.261,3 1.A. Fuel Combustion48.730,0 840,0341,049.911,0 1.A.1. Energy Industries15.842,8 6,362,015.911,1 1.A.2. Manufacturing, construction and mining 12.142,6 14,731,012.188,3 1.A.3. Transport16.013,3 56,762,016.132,0 1.A.4. Commercial, Institucional, Residential 4.146,7 18,90,04.165,6 1.A.5. Fishing584,7 4,20,0588,9 1.A.6 Wood and biomass (no-CO2) 741,3217,0958,3 1.B. Fugitive emissions from fuel 1.350,30,01.350,3 1.B.1. Solids fuels 71,40,071,4 1.B.2. Oil and natural gas 1.278,90,01.278,9 2. Industrial processes4.153,60123,9155,04.432,5 2.A. Mineral products2.336,8 0,0 2.336,8 2.B. Chemical industry0 123,9155,0278,9 2.C. Metal production1.816,8 0,0 1.816,8 2.D. Other (Pulp & Paper, Food & Drinks) NA 2.E. SF6 and PFC production 2.F. SF6 and PFC consumption 2.G. Other (specify)NE 3. Solvent use and other productNE 0,0NE 55 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

56. Example 2000 GHG inventory of Chile (Gg CO 2 -equivalent) cont. 4. Agriculture 6.207,66.882,013.089,6 4.A. Enteric Fermentation 4.796,40,04.796,4 4.B. Manure management 1.241,1310,01.551,1 4.C. Rice cultivation 115,50,0115,5 4.D. Agricultural soils 0,06.572,0 4.E. Prescribed burning of savannas NO 4.F. Agricultural residue burning 54,631,085,6 4.G. Other (specify) NE 5. LULUCF703,1-29.819,21.331,4341,0-27.443,7 5.B. Changes in forest and other woody biomass stocks. 613,500,0 613,5 5.B. Forest and grassland conversion0-1.033,612,60,0-1.021,0 5.C. Abandonment of managed lands 00,0 5.D. CO2 Emissions and removals from soils86,3-28.785,50,0 -28.699,2 5.E. Other (specify)NE 6. Waste36,9 1.902,693,02.032,5 6.A. Solid waste disposal on land 1.797,60,01.797,6 6.B. Wastewater treatment 105,00,0105,0 6.C. Waste incineration36,9 0,0 36,9 6.D. Other (N2O indirects emissions) NA93,0 7. Other (specify)NE Memo items International bunkers3.059,8 2,10,03.061,9 Aviation1.045,1 2,10,01.047,2 Marine2.014,7 0,0 2.014,7 CO2 Emissions from biomass16.721,5 0,0 16.721,5 56 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

57. Up-down Ranking of Categories GasKey categoriesSectorEmissions (without LULUCF) Gg/year CO 2 eq % Cumulative (without LULUCF) Emissions (with LULUCF) Gg/year CO 2 eq % Cumulative (with LULUCF) CO 2 Forest land remaining forest land LULUCF28.784,228,0% CO 2 Stationary combustion (Solids)Energy15.842,822,4%43,4% CO 2 Mobile combustion: road transportation Energy15.002,343,7%58,0% CO 2 Manufacturing, construction and mining Energy12.142,660,8%69,8% N2ON2O Agricultural soils (direct and indirect) Agriculture6.562,570,1%76,2% CH 4 Enteric fermentationAgriculture4.796,076,9%80,8% CO 2 Other sectors: residentialEnergy3.508,881,9%84,3% CO 2 Iron and steel industry Industrial Processes 1.816,884,5%86,0% CH 4 Solid waste disposal sitesResidues1.796,887,0%87,8% CO 2 Cement production Industrial Processes 1.638,489,4% CH 4 Fugitive emissions from oil and natural gas operations Energy1.277,991,2%90,7% CH 4 Manure managementAgriculture1.241,193,0%91,9% CH 4 Forest land remaining forest land LULUCF93,0%1.233,194,1% CO 2 Land converted to forest landLULUCF93,0%1.026,294,1% CH 4 Other (energy)Energy741,094,0%94,8% CO 2 Mobile Combustion: aviationEnergy663,094,9%95,4% CO 2 Lime production Industrial Processes 653,395,9% 57 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

58. Significant Subcategories Determination MODULEAGRICULTURE SUBMODULEMETHANE AND NITROUS OXIDE EMISSIONS FROM DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK ENTERIC FERMENTATION AND MANURE MANAGEMENT WORKSHEET4-1 SHEET1 OF 2 METHANE EMISSIONS FROM DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK ENTERIC FERMENTATION AND MANURE MANAGEMENT STEP 1 STEP 2STEP 3 ABCDEF Livestock TypeNumber of Animals Emissions Factor for Enteric Fermentation Emissions from Enteric Fermentation Emissions Factor for Manure Management Emissions from Manure Management Total Annual Emissions from Domestic Livestock (1000s)(kg/head/yr)(t/yr)(kg/head/yr)(t/yr)(Gg) C = (A x B) E = (A x D)F =(C + E)/1000 Dairy Cattle5508144.5501910.45055,00 Non-dairy Cattle275049134.7501335.750170,50 Buffalo0550700,00 Sheep2500512.5000,1640012,90 Goats50052.5000,17852,59 Camels125465.7501,9237,55,99 Horses75181.3501,61201,47 Mules & Asses25102500,922,50,27 Swine503015.030735.21040,24 Poultry15000NE 0,018270NE Totals 206.680 82.545288,96 22% 65% SIGN. <3% 6% 13% 43% SIGN. <1% <1% <1% <1% <1% <3% <3% <3% <3% <1% 58

59. Useful Supporting Material  IPCC Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories  http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gp/english/ http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gp/english/  US-EPA – Template Workbook for Developing a National GHG Inventory System  http://epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/ghginventorycapacitybuilding/templates.html http://epa.gov/climatechange/emissions/ghginventorycapacitybuilding/templates.html 59 Consultative Group of Experts (CGE) Training Materials for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories