2. Work Health & Safety: New Work Health and Safety (WHS) laws replaced the occupational health and safety (OHS) laws in NSW on 1 January 2012 Workbook pg. 4

3. Gas Safety: PPE Electrical Safety Workbook pgs. 5 - 17

4. S I Units of Measure (Standard International Units of Measure) Workbook Pg. 18 S I UnitHow to read itUsed to measure kPaKilopascalPressure m³Cubic metreVolume MJMegajouleQuantity of heat (energy) MJ/hMegajoule per hourHeat per hour mmMillimetrelength

5. Combustion Principles Combustion is the term used for the burning of a fuel in air. Workbook pg. 8

6. Combustion Principles 3 elements are required for combustion to take place. Workbook pg. 8

7. Combustion Principles Fuel Air (the Oxygen contained in air) Heat (Ignition) Workbook pg. 8

8. Combustion Principles Once ignition has taken place, the combustion process is self-sustaining providing a combustible mixture of gas and air is maintained. See next slide Workbook pg. 8

9. Combustion Principles Complete combustion Click to reveal O2 C3H 8 CO2H2O Heat

10. Combustion Principles Incomplete combustion Click to reveal O2 C3H 8 CO H2O Heat

11. Combustion Principles Incomplete combustion produces carbon monoxide Carbon monoxide is a poisonous gas. CO

12. Combustion Principles Major causes of incomplete combustion Gas flow to high to burner Insufficient air to burner Blocked or restricted flue Poor ventilation CO

13. Types of Gases Natural Gas (NG) Workbook pg. 19 Natural gas is approximately 75 – 95 % Methane a hydrocarbon gas. Its molecular structure is made up of carbon and hydrogen CH 4 See next slide

14. H H H H H C Natural Gas CH 4

15. Types of Gases Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Workbook pg. 19 Propane a hydrocarbon gas can be found in crude oil extraction and is also produced from crude oil refining. Propane is liquefied by refrigeration and pressurisation. Its molecular structure is made up of carbon and hydrogen C 3 H 8 See next slide

16. H H H H C H Propane (LPG) C 3 H 8 H H HH H H H C C C

17. Characteristics and Properties of Gases Heating Value: The approximate heat energy (MJ) available in a known quantity of gas. NG – 38 MJ /m³ LPG – 96 MJ/m³ Workbook pg. 19

18. Characteristics and Properties of Gases Relative density: The weight of gas compared to air. NG – 0.6 = lighter than air LPG – 1.5 = heavier than air Workbook pg. 20

19. Characteristics and Properties of Gases Ignition Temperature: The minimum temperature that gas will ignite. NG – 680 ºC LPG – 490 ºC Workbook pg. 20

20. Characteristics and Properties of Gases Air – Gas Ratio: The quantity or volume of air required for complete combustion. NG – 10:1 - 10 parts air to 1 part gas. LPG – 24:1 – 24 parts air to 1 part gas Workbook pg. 20

21. Characteristics and Properties of Gases Toxicity: Are fuel gases poisonous ? (toxic) NO …… however Workbook pg. 22

22. Characteristics and Properties of Gases Toxicity: Are fuel gases poisonous ? (toxic) NO …… however Workbook pg. 22