1. The Immigrant Experience: Truly and Open Door Policy? Cover Slide

2. Caribbean immigrants at Ellis Island Proud and confident on arrival from their homeland of Guadeloupe, these women perhaps were unprepared for the double disadvantage they faced as both blacks and foreigners. (William Williams Papers, Manuscripts & Archives Division, The New York Public Library) Reactions to Immigration nativism nativism a policy of favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones eugenics eugenics an effort to control the human race by breeding resulted in legal forced sterilization of undesirables

3. Poster in six languages to encourage immigrant education This 1917 poster used the languages most common to the new immigrants--Slovene, Italian, Polish, Hungarian, and Yiddish--as well as English to invite newcomers to free classes where they could learn "the language of America" and "citizenship." Responses to Nativism immigrant mutual aid societies immigrant mutual aid societies ethnic newspapers, social & athletic groups, and theatre groups ethnic newspapers, social & athletic groups, and theatre groups political efforts to oppose progressive reforms on child labor, political machines, and temperance political efforts to oppose progressive reforms on child labor, political machines, and temperance

4. San Francisco Chinese grocery store (The Bancroft Library, University of California) Limits on Immigration Chinese immigration limited (1882) Chinese immigration limited (1882) radical ideas dangerous to the public welfare prohibited (1903) radical ideas dangerous to the public welfare prohibited (1903) immigrants over 16 required to pass a literacy test immigrants over 16 required to pass a literacy test