1. 13.1 & 13.3 A Closer Look at the Earth and Why we have Seasons Katrina

2. Weather and Climate (Q3)
Weather… What is It?
Day to day environmental conditions
Examples:
Rainy / snowy
cloudy / sunny
Windy / calm
Climate
Environmental condition averaged over many years
Average rainfall
Average daily temperature

3. Weather and Climate Variable used to describe weather and climate:
Temperature
Wind Speed and Direction
Visibility
Cloud cover
Atmospheric Pressure
Dew Point
Humidity

4. Formation of Weather and Climate
Here are the facts:
Components that influence weather and climate include:
Latitude and Longitude
Atmosphere
Oceans
Land Masses

5. Influences on Weather and Climate and Latitude/Longitude (Q1)
Lat & Long

6. Longitude (Meridians) (Q4)
Angle of measure east or west of the Prime Meridian
Imaginary vertical lines
Prime Meridian 0o (Greenwich, England)
International Dateline 180o

7. Latitude (Parallels) (Q5,6,7)
Angle of measure north or south of the Equator
Imaginary horizontal lines
Equator 0o
North Pole 90oN
South Pole 90oS
Arctic Circle 66.5oN
Antarctic Circle 66.5oS
Tropic of Cancer 23.5oN
Tropic of Capricorn 23.5oS

8. Earth’s Rotation and Revolution
Rotation (24 hours)
The Earth rotates on its axis
The axis (imaginary line) runs North to South
23.5o angle
One Earth rotation takes one day
Rotate East to West
Revolution (365 Days)
The Earth revolves around the Sun
The movement of one object traveling around another
It takes the earth one year to revolve (travel) around the Sun counter clockwise

9. Reason for the Seasons
The average tilt, 23.5o, of the Earth is the reason for the seasons)
As the Earth revolves around the Sun, the seasons in the northern and southern hemispheres are opposite.

10. Earth North Pole Equator South Pole Earth’s Seasons
Tilt of the Earth’s axis towards or away from the sun creates the seasons
When the north pole tilts toward the sun, it gets more radiation – more warmth
during the summer
SUMMER (Northern Hemisphere)
North Pole
Equator
Earth
When the north pole tilts toward the sun, the south pole tilts away
So when it’s summer in the north,
it’s winter in the south
South Pole
WINTER (Southern Hemisphere)

11. Earth North Pole Equator South Pole Earth’s Seasons
Tilt of the Earth’s axis towards or away from the sun creates the seasons
WINTER (Northern Hemisphere)
When the north pole tilts away
from the sun, it gets less radiation –
So it’s colder during the winter
North Pole
Equator
Earth
South Pole
When the north pole tilts away from the sun, the south pole tilts toward it…
When it’s winter in the north,
it’s summer in the south
SUMMER (Southern Hemisphere)

12. Mapping Activity Short Worksheet –
Part A: students to determine latitude and longitude of a location
Part B: students to determine location based on latitude and longitude.