1. Unity and Sectionalism
Section 3—Chapter 10

2. The Era of Good Feelings
A sense of National Unity after the War of 1812
Federalist all but disappear since they didn’t support the War of 1812
The 5th President of the USA was
James Monroe
(Democratic Republican)
a. No one really opposed him

3. Sectionalism Grows Regional differences soon began to surface
Strong allegiance to their region (Westerners, Southerners, Northerners)
Sectionalism—Loyalty to their region
Conflict over slavery
Southerners stress States’ rights
Tariffs, National Bank, and Internal Improvements become major issues

5. John Calhoun Planter/War Hawk from South Carolina
Favored support for internal improvements and developing industry.
Favored the National Bank
Views changed and he begins to favor State Sovereignty—the idea that states have autonomous power
Was against High Tariffs

6. Daniel Webster Elected to Congress in 1812—New Hampshire
Favored the Tariff of 1816—protected American industries from foreign competition
Great Speaker/Orator
“Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable!”

8. Henry Clay War Hawk from Kentucky—Speaker of the House of Rep in 1811
Helped create the Treaty of Ghent the ended the War of 1812
Tried to resolve sectional disputes through compromise

10. Missouri Compromise Sectional Tension reaches new heights
Slavery the big issue
The South wanted Missouri admitted as a slave state—Northerners wanted it as a Free-State
Henry Clay helped work out a solution
Missouri Compromise---Missouri a slave state Maine admitted as a free state
Banned Slavery North of the 36 30’N parallel

12. The American System Henry Clay called for a protective tariff;
a program of internal improvements, especially the building of roads and canals, to stimulate trade
a national bank to control inflation and to lend money to build developing industries.

13. McCulloch v. Maryland
Maryland imposed a tax on the Balitmore branch of the 2nd National Bank (a Federal Bank)
Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that Maryland
had no right to tax a
federal institution.

14. Gibbons v. Ogden
Established that states could not enact legislation (laws) that would interfere with Congressional Power over interstate commerce

15. Foreign Affairs Relations with Britain
Sec. of State John Quincy Adams try to resolve disputes with Britain and Spain
Rush-Bagot Treaty
USA and Britain set limits on the number of naval ships each could have on the Great Lakes
Disarmament—removal of weapons
Americans get the right to settle in the Oregon Country

16. Relations with Spain
1818 Andrew Jackson invaded Spanish Florida, seized 2 forts and hanged 2 British agents
Sec. of War Calhoun wanted Jackson court-martialed—tried by the military court
Adams-Onis Treaty
Spain gave Florida to the USA
USA gave up claims to Texas
42nd Parallel becomes the border

18. Latin American Republics
Mexico
Miguel Hidalgo led a rebellion against Spain 1810
Miguel is executed but by 1821 Mexico gained its independence
Bolivar and San Martin
Simon Bolivar “Liberator”-won the independence for Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, Bolivia, and Ecuador
Jose de San Martin gained independence for Chili and Peru

19. The Monroe Doctrine
Document stated that the Western Hemisphere was closed to new European colonization.
This document becomes the most import element of American foreign policy