1. colonists born in Latin America to Spanish parents First half of the 19 th century (1800’s), wealthy European landowners and nobles who wanted to preserve the traditional monarchies in Europe Mainly European middle-class business leaders and merchants who wanted to give more political power to elected parliaments Belief that people should be loyal mainly to their nation (culture/ language) rather to a king or empire

2. 220-228 Modern World History 1.Who was Simon Bolivar and why is he important in Latin American history? 2.What caused the creoles in south America to rebel against Spain? 3.Complete the chart on page 228, #2, related to independence movements in Latin America.

3. 229-238, Modern World History 1.How successful were the revolts of 1848? Explain. 2.What were the goals of the liberals? 3.How did nationalism in the 1800’s work as a force both for disunity and for unity? 4.What strategy did Otto von Bismarck use to try to make Prussia the leader of a united Germany? 5.Complete the timeline on page 238, #2, related to the development of independent nation-states in Europe.

4. 239-243, Modern World History 1.Name two ideas or attitudes of the Romantic movement that reflected the ideals of nationalism. 2.What new conditions caused a change in the arts from romanticism to realism?

5. Romanticism: Nature Heroes Legends literature Realism: Against romantic art People should be how they look Everyday life Records life