1. Classroom presentations to accompany Understanding Earth, 3rd edition prepared by Peter Copeland and William Dupré University of Houston Chapter 3 Rocks: Records of Geologic Processes

3. Three types of rocks Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic Igneous rocks make up most of the earth sedimentary rocks make up most of the surface.

4. Major Rock Groups Fig. 3.1 IGNEOUSSEDIMENTARYMETAMORPHIC

5. Igneous Rocks Rocks formed from the cooling and consolidation of magma.

6. Fig. 3.2

7. Intrusive Granite

8. Fig. 3.2 Extrusive Basalt

9. Fig. 3.2 Intrusive Granite

10. Fig. 3.2 Extrusive Basalt

12. Rocks formed by the consolidation of fragments of previously existing rock or chemically precipitated from solution. Sedimentary Rocks

13. Fig. 3.3 From Weathering to Sedimentary Rock

14. Genesis of Sedimentary Rocks Physical weathering: reduction in size Chemical weathering: change in composition Transportation: –Solid particles... clastics by water, wind, ice –Ions in solution... chemical

15. Fig. 3.4 How common are sedimentary rocks?

16. Rocks whose original form has changed in the solid state due to increased temperature and/or pressure. Metamorphic rocks

17. Fig. 3.5 Where does Metamorphism occur? Regional Metamorphism

18. Fig. 3.5 Where does Metamorphism occur? Regional Metamorphism Contact Metamorphism

19. Outcrops Drilling Where we see rocks

20. Fig. 3.6 Outcrop

21. Fred Hirschmann Fig. 3.7

22. Russ Kinne/ Comstock Fig. 3.8

23. Carr Clifton Fig. 3.9

24. The Rock Cycle Fig. 3.10

25. The production and destruction of rocks is ultimately related to plate tectonics. Plate tectonics and the rock cycle

26. Fig. 3.11a Subduction at convergent plate boundaries causes partial melting to form magma and resulting igneous rocks.

27. Fig. 3.11b Magma rises from the mantle at divergent plate boundaries.

28. Fig. 3.11c Subsidence at rifted plate margin allows for the deposition, burial, and lithification of sediments.

29. Plate interiors are dominated by sedimentary processes, with some volcanism due to mantle “hot spots.” Fig. 3.11d

30. Convergence of plates causes deformation, uplift, and regional metamorphism. Fig. 3.11e