1. Elements of Fiction: Redux AP Lit: Sabolcik If it’s underlined, know the definition, how to identify it in a work of literature, and how to analyze its significance to the work as a whole.

2. Terms to Know Static Character Dynamic Character Flat Character Stock Character Round Character Protagonist Antagonist Foil Confidante/Confidant 1 st person Narrator Reliable/Unreliable Narrator 2 nd person Narrator 3 rd person Limited Narrator 3 rd person Objective Narrator 3 rd person Omniscient Narrator Direct Characterization Indirect Characterization Setting Internal Conflict External Conflict Theme Subject

3. Let’s connect Disney films to each of our core fiction terms.

4. Best Disney Movie? (There is a correct answer)

5. Character: person presented in a fictional work, one fitting a type and fulfilling a function

6. Types of Character Static: Does not change; remains (roughly) the same in personality, values, ethos Dynamic: Does change; undergoes growth or regression Flat: Embodies few traits, qualities, ideas Stock: Stereotypical characters; more of a type than individual Round: Displays complexity in quality, beliefs, inconsistencies, conflicts; more realistic

7. Functions of Characters Protagonist: principal actor of the fiction; central character Antagonist: character, force that opposes the protagonist Foil: character that stands as a distinct contrast from another; highlights values of each other by difference Confidante/Confidant: receives the intimate thoughts of the protagonist without the use of an omniscient narrator Mentor: Provides lessons, advice, guidance for another character

8. Protagonist:vs.Antagonist: Foils: Confidante: Mentor:

9. Characterization: Process by which a writer will reveal character traits, histories, and values to the reader Direct Characterization - the author intervenes to describe and sometimes evaluate the character for the reader; TELLS exempli gratia: Chris was a slow runner Indirect Characterization - the author to present a character talking and acting and lets the reader infer what kind of person the character is ; SHOWS e.g.: Chris lagged behind all the other runners in the race and recalled his plethora of participation trophies on his abbreviated mantle Ways of Indirect Characterization: - Appearances- Speech - Private Thoughts- Effect on Others - Actions

10. Narration – Who is telling the fiction? 1 st person – through the lens of a character; uses “I” and “me” Reliability of Narrator – consider the credibility, biases, and limitations of characters speaking directly to you 2 nd person – instructional, directly from a character to you, the reader; uses “you” and the imperative mood 3 rd person limited - reports only what one character (often the protagonist) sees and who only reports the thoughts of that one privileged character 3 rd person objective - only reports what would be visible to a camera. The objective narrator does not know what any characters are thinking unless the character speaks of it. 3 rd person omniscient - perceives, like God*, into each character’s mind and understands all the action going on.

11. Setting - physical and social context in which the action of a story occurs Elements of Setting: Geographical Spatial Temporal Social Environmental

12. Conflict – struggle between opposing forces External - struggle against some outside force, another character, society as a whole, or some natural force Internal - a conflict between forces, persuasions, or emotions within one character.

13. Theme (Whole) vs. Subject (Part) Theme - the central meaning or dominant idea in a literary work. A theme provides a unifying point around which the plot, characters, setting, point of view, symbols, and other elements of a work are organized. A disagreeable argument/message that the work expresses e.g. parents shouldn’t control their children’s romantic lives (R&J) Subject – the topic of a given text; common subjects for poetry include nature, growing up, growing old, children, and life events. Can be a word or two e.g. love, violence, familial strife