1. MEXICO http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vlaa6tfimMk

2. WAR AND REFORM How did reform start? Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Mexico gained independence from Spain Served as a General for Mexican Independence and then became first president of Mexico. As a president he was unable to set up a SECURE government

3. WAR AND REFORM Republic of Texas Annex THE MEXICAN WAR (add classzone pictue of Republic of Mexico) THE PEOPLE OF TEXAS WANTED INDEPENDENCE FROM MEXICO. (Texas=Own Country) Texas was later annexed to the United States To add to and existing territory United States went to war with Mexico in 1846 because they could not agree on the southern boundary of Texas. THE U.S. WON AND GAINED LAND.

5. WAR AND REFORM Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo What states did the United States gain? Cession In 1848 Mexico and United States signed the Guadalupe Hidalgo treaty Mexico’s surrendered territory in the north to the United States. ( Now includes 6 U.S. states) Surrendered territory

6. WAR AND REFORM What challenges did Mexico have in establishing a stable government? After Mexico gained independence from Spain, they had trouble governing themselves. 1. No experience 2. Weak economy 3. Invasion by foreign countries

7. WAR AND REFORM What were the effects of the Mexican war? Benito Juarez The Mexican war drained Mexico’s economy and left government in disorder. 2 major groups formed: Liberals and conservatives Conservative= rich &military leaders * Liberals= poor, landless people Benito Juarez was a liberal leader who led a reform!! He was president too! This reform=new constitution Freedom of speech was the main goal

8. WAR AND REFORM What led to the Mexican Revolution? Mexican Revolution Results of the Revolution In 1876 General Porfirio Diaz became dictator after the death of Benito Juarez. Under his rule the Rich were on top. began when a wealthy rancher began a REVOLUTION! The fighting among the various Mexican groups for control of the government continued turning the Revolution into a Civil War.

9. WAR AND REFORM Constitutions of 1917 Constitution of 1917 gave: The Constitution of 1917 was adopted during the revolution to meet the demands of Mexico’s various groups and regions. Still exists today! 1.Redistributed millions of acres of farmland to the poor 2.New workers rights 3.Relationship of the government and the church

10. CULTURE Plaza of the Three Cultures Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VhZ-EKPPQkU Official Language Religion Displays the blend of different cultures The plaza contains the ruins of an Aztec city, a Spanish colonial church, and modern government buildings Spanish Most Mexicans are Roman Catholic, but some belong to other religions as well

11. Culture Urban living Colonias ¾ of Mexicans live in Urban Areas The cities’ neighborhoods are called colonias Poor conditions in rural areas cause people to move to the cities. Wealthier people live away from the center of the cities. People in Mexico’s rural areas live in villages or on farms, near their fields Poor conditions in rural areas=push factors

12. CULTURE Day of the Dead Traditional mariachi band Mariachi Beat It Mariachi Sweet Home Alabama Why do you think futbol is the most popular sport in this region? (think of Latin America’s History) Day of the Dead is a day to honor family members that have died. Cinco de Mayo is the day the Mexican army defeated the French in 1862 Futbol (soccer) is the most popular sport in Mexico because….

13. ECONOMY How is Mexico creating a stable government? Industry improving Old vs. New Vicente Fox’s election as president in 2000 changed Mexico from a one- party system to a multi-party democracy. Mexico is working to improve the quality of life for its people by modernizing its industry and economy. Old economy= agriculture & mining New economy= industry in silver, oil production

14. ECONOMY What is happening now in Mexico? North American Free Trade Agreement-NAFTA maquiladora Mexico is currently trying to modernize their economy by working together with other North American countries Agreement that reduced trade barriers among Mexico, Canada, and the United States Factory in which materials are imported and assembled into products for export

15. NAFTA ROUTES

16. CHALLENGES MEXICO FACES Two Major Problems Lack of Jobs: Pollution: 1.Lack of Jobs 2.Pollution People moving from rural area to urban in search of jobs, forces poor living conditions Many Mexicans move to the U.S for job opportunities Many Mexicans work long hours for low pay in order in U.S to send money back to families in Mexico layer of smog that hangs over Mexico City