1. Energy!
Make it Work For You

2. SBEAP Small Business Environmental Assistance Program
A technical, administrative and regulatory support program on pollution issues for small business
Circulation of regulatory and other information
Work with trade Associations Training Workshops

3. SBEAP Small Business Environmental Assistance Program
Permitting Assistance
Explaining Clean Air Act Amendment Requirements
Notifying affected industry of new regulations
Help with technical & compliance problems

4. SBEAP Referrals Advocate for small business during regulatory process
Small Business Environmental Assistance Program
Referrals
Advocate for small business during regulatory process
Development of brochures, manuals, fact sheets, etc.
Training

5. Save Electricity
Save Money
Save the Earth

6. Every Kilowatt-hour saved prevents
Pollution Prevented
Every Kilowatt-hour saved prevents
1.5 lbs. of carbon dioxide (one of the Greenhouse Gases)
5.8 Grams of sulfur dioxide (one of the leading causes of acid rain)
2.5 Grams of nitrogen oxides (one of the main components of smog)

7. To produce $100 worth of electricity
Energy Production
To produce $100 worth of electricity
1700 lbs. of coal are mined
2500 lbs. of carbon dioxide is produced (Greenhouse gas)
21.3 lbs. of sulfur dioxide is produced (acid rain)
9.2 lbs. of nitrogen oxides are produced (smog)

8. Ways You Can Save Money Through Energy Conservation
Replacing older lights with more efficient lights
Replacing incandescent lights with new compact fluorescent lights
Replacing older appliances with Energy Star Labeled products.

9. Fluorescent Tube Lamps
Most commonly used for large office type areas
Not very effective for lighting high ceiling areas
Very commonly used therefore reasonably cheap
New tubes contain less mercury and meet EPA mercury standards

10. Compact Fluorescent lamps (CFL)
Last longer and use less energy (about 1/4th) than incandescent bulbs
Can be used in most all locations that incandescent bulbs can be used
High-Bay compact fluorescent luminaires can be used for high ceiling areas
Most not capable of dimming or starting at low temperatures
CFL's can also allow more light to be produced out of fixtures that are limited in wattage due to the heat produced by incandescent bulbs. This is due to the less heat produced and the higher efficacy of CFL lamps.

11. Incandescent bulbs
Only five percent of energy put into an incandescent bulb is converted to light.
Operate on principle of resistance, the least efficient method

12. How do CFLs compare to incandescent bulbs
CFLs use about 75% less energy than incandescent bulbs
CFLs last ten or more times as long, reducing maintenance hassles
CFLs don't produce as much heat which will lower cooling costs
Can estimate what wattage CFL to use by dividing incandescent wattage by 4

13. Color Rendering Index (CRI)
The CRI is a relative scale indicating how perceived colors match actual colors.
CRI is excellent color rendition
0-55 CRI is poor color rendition
Most T8 lamps have a CRI of
Cool white T-12 lamps have a CRI of 62
CFLs have a typical CRI of 82-86

14. Life Expectancy
Measured in hours of expected operation
Incandescent bulbs are rated at 750 to 2000 hours
Fluorescent lamps last 6000 to hours, 10 times as long as incandescents
Ballasts may last as long as 40,000 to 100,000 hours

15. Just what are the numbers?
In Tennessee the average cost of electricity is about $0.063 per kWh
Most businesses use indoor lighting 3650 hours a year.

16. L&C Tower upgrade
They replaced the older F40T12 lights with F32T8 Phillips Alto lamps
The old ballasts were replaced with Magnetek 4 lamp instant start electronic ballasts at 75% output
Payback of about two years with savings estimated at over $40,000 per year and a 41% reduction in electrical usage
Prevented over 450 tons of CO2

17. Energy Star Equipment
Energy Star labeled equipment can reduce energy use due to special features like sleep mode and low power standby mode.
There are around 7000 different product models in 31 areas that have been Energy Star labeled.
Some estimates of saving from a washing machine with the Energy Star label for instance are around $100 a year and 7100 gallons of water. If all families in America used such estimates of savings are around $6.7 billion a year.

18. Typical Savings with Energy Star

19. Other energy saving practices
Encourage machines to be turned off for the night or weekend if they are not needed
Use double sided printing and copying
Insulate water heaters, consider on-demand water heaters
Clean refrigerator coils

20. Common Heating Systems Electric
Electric Resistance COP = 1.0
Air Source Heat Pump COP ~ 2.5
Also air conditions
GeoExchange Heat Pump COP ~ 3.5 5

21. Electric Resistance Heating Heaters and Electric Furnaces
Hot wire heating elements
Lowest initial cost
Highest energy cost
Cost can be exorbitant if on demand billing 6

22. Least maintenance of combustion systems
Gas Furnace
Least maintenance of combustion systems
New 90 + AFUE condensing furnaces recover latent heat from water in flue gas
Some do not require flue, can vent through pipe. More flexible installation 10

23. Air Source Heat Pumps Advantages
Most widely used here
Service readily available
Newer units have SEER competitive with GeoExchange
Highest efficiency to date is 18 SEER in a split system 17

24. Air Source Heat Pumps Advantages
Some new high efficiency units available with new 410a HFC ozone safe refrigerant.
Carrier/Bryant/Day and Night ( Puron)
Rheem/Ruud ( Prozone )
Lower first cost than geoexchange 18

25. Air Source Heat Pumps Disadvantages
Heating efficiency drops in cold weather
when needed most
Efficiency decreases as heat exchangers deteriorate
More complex because of reversing for defrost cycle
High maintenance and noise
Use resistance heat during defrost
Not good if on demand billing 19

26. Air Source Heat Pump Efficiency Loss25

27. Air Source Heat Pumps Disadvantages
Heating efficiency drops in cold weather
when needed most
Efficiency decreases as heat exchangers deteriorate
More complex because of reversing for defrost cycle
High maintenance and noise
Use resistance heat during defrost
Not good if on demand billing 19

28. GeoExchange Heat Pump Advantages
Lowest total life cycle cost
Least overall pollution ( EPA Study )
Lowest maintenance
Small - No heat exchanger cleaning
Large - No boiler or cooling tower maintenance
Highest efficiency
Least noise
Expected longest life ( indoor installation) 20

29. GeoExchange Heat Pump Advantages
Sizes from 1/2 to over 1000 tons
Installation flexibility
Many small units on one loop allows individual control at small cost premium -or-
One large unit
Retrofits may use some existing equipment 21

30. Lowest Cost /Least Polluting Units
Geoexchange heat pump/water heater
High efficiency gas furnace and high efficiency electric AC ( split system )
Gas water heater
High efficiency electric heat pump 26

31. News You Can Use Decrease Solar Load
Plant trees !
Whole house fan
Adequate Attic Ventilation
Adequate insulation
Awnings over windows
Light colored roofs
Light colored blinds/shades/window film 25

34. News You Can Use Maintain Systems
Clean and comb heat exchangers
Pull disconnect Beware double feed
Replace and tighten screws on cabinets
Seal ducts in unconditioned spaces
Timed thermostats

35. News You Can Use 25

36. News You Can Use Maintain Systems
Clean and comb heat exchangers
Pull disconnect Beware double feed
Replace and tighten screws on cabinets
Seal ducts in unconditioned spaces
Timed thermostats

37. Check Equipment Ratings

38. Use the Energy Star web site http://www.energystar.gov

40. Resources for more information
EPA's Energy Star Program on the web at
Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation at
TVA at
Better Bulbs Direct at

41. More resources
U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Efficiency and Renewable Resources Network at
Lawrence Berkley Labs Home Energy Saver at
Geothermal Heat Pump Consortium at
ASHRAE at

42. CALL US IF YOU NEED US