1. Stoichiometry

2. What is stoichiometry? Composition stoich – deals with mass relationships of elements in compounds (review Ch 3) Reaction stoich – deals with relationships between reactants and products

3. Reaction Stoichiometry 4 types of problems

4. Type 1 Given and unknown quantities in moles Amount of given (in mol)  Amount of unknown (in mol)

5. Type 2 Given amount is in moles and unknown is mass in grams Amount given (in mol)  amount unknown (in mol)  mass unknown (in g)

6. Type 3 Given is amount in grams and unknown is amount in moles mass given (in g)  amount given (in mol)  amount unknown (in mol)

7. Type 4 Given is mass in grams and unknown is mass in grams mass given (in g)  amount given (in mol)  amount unknown (in mol)  mass unknown (in g)

8. MUST HAVE… Correct molecular formulas Balanced chemical equation

9. Mole Ratios Conversion factor relating amount of moles of any two substances

10. Example: decomposition of aluminum oxide

11. Molar Mass Ratios Al 2 O 3 – 101.96 g/mol Al – 26.98 g/mol O 2 – 32.00 g/mol

12. Stoichiometric Calculations: Type 1 (mol-mol) Example 1: The combustion of 2.19 mol propane (C 3 H 8 ) produces how much carbon dioxide? Example 2: 41.8 mol lithium hydroxide is combined with carbon dioxide to produce lithium carbonate and liquid water. How many moles of water are produced?

13. Stoichiometric Calculations: Type 2 (mass-mol) NaHCO 3 and Mg(OH) 2 are both used as antacids – which is more effective per gram? Example 3: 1.00 g NaHCO 3 reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce sodium chloride, water, and carbon dioxide Example 4: 1.00 g Mg(OH) 2 reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride and water

14. Stoichiometric Calculations Type 3 (mol-mass) In photosynthesis, plants use energy from the sun to produce glucose C 6 H 12 O 6, and oxygen from the reaction of carbon dioxide and water. What mass, in grams, of glucose is produced when 3.00 mol of water react with carbon dioxide?

15. Stoichiometric Calculations Type 3 (mol-mass) What mass of carbon dioxide, in grams, is needed to react with 3.50 mol of water in the photosynthetic reaction?

16. Stoichiometry Calculations Type 4 (mass-mass) Tin (II) fluoride is used in some toothpastes. It is made by the reaction of tin with hydrogen fluoride according to the following equation. Sn(s) + 2HF  SnF 2 (s) + H 2 (g) How many grams of SnF2 are produced from the reaction of 30.00 g of HF with Sn?