1. Ionic Formulas Turning chemistry into algebra

2. REVIEW We can tell how many electrons an atom will gain or lose by looking at its valence electrons. Metals like to lose electrons. (Cations) – Ex. Na + Nonmetals like to gain electrons. (Anions) – Ex: O 2- All elements try to have a full valence of 8 electrons(OCTET RULE).

3. Chemical Bonding A chemical bond is the force of attraction that holds two atoms together. Attractive Force NaCl

4. Why do elements form chemical bonds? Atoms form chemical bonds in order to fill their outermost energy level with electrons. A full valence causes an atom to be more stable. A full valence consists of 8 valence electrons.

5. Ionic Bonding Ionic bonds: Transfer of electrons from one atom to another, producing oppositely charged ions which attract each other. (usually transfer from metal to nonmetal) Na + + Cl -  NaCl

6. How do we figure out what can bond with what? 1. Make sure to have cation + anion 2. Balance the charges. Na + F − (1+) + (1-) = 0 1 Na + and 1 F − = NaF NaF is the correct chemical formula for these two elements

7. Write an ionic formula for K + bonding with S 2− Balance the charges. K + S 2− K + 2(1+) + (2-) = 0 2 K + and 1 S 2− = K 2 S

8. Write an ionic formula for Fe 3+ bonding with OH − Balance the charges. Fe 3+ OH − OH − (3+) + 3(1-) = 0 1 Fe 3+ and 3 OH − = Fe(OH) 3

9. Write the formula for… an ionic compound composed of: Al 3+ and S 2- Al 2 S 3

10. Write the formula for… an ionic compound composed of: Cd 2+ and NO 2 - Cd(NO 2 ) 2

11. Write the formula for… an ionic compound composed of: Ag + and CO 3 2- Ag 2 CO 3

12. Write the formula for… an ionic compound composed of: Pb 2+ and NO 3 - Pb(NO 3 ) 2

13. Write the formula for… an ionic compound composed of: Hg 2+ and PO 4 3- Hg 3 (PO 4 ) 2

14. Naming Ions and ionic formulas

15. Naming Cations Cation- if the charge is always the same (Group A) just write the name of the metal. Transition metals can have more than one charge, so indicate the charge with roman numerals in parentheses.

16. Name the following: Na + Fe +2 Fe +3 Pb +2 sodium iron (II) iron (III) lead (II) Naming Cations

17. Write formulas for the following: Potassium ion K+ Copper (II) ion Cu 2+ Barium ion Ba 2+ Mercury (II) ion Hg 2+

18. Naming Anions Anions are always the same, change the element ending to – ide F -1 Fluorine

19. Naming Anions Anions are always the same, change the element ending to – ide F -1 Fluoride

20. Name the following: Cl - N -3 Br - O -2 chloride nitride bromide oxide Naming Anions

21. Write formulas for the following: sulfide ion S 2- iodide ion I-I- phosphide ion P 3- fluoride ion F-F-

22. Naming Ionic Compounds Cation + Anion. To write the names just name the two ions. NaCl = Na + Cl - = sodium chloride MgBr 2 = Mg +2 Br - = magnesium bromide

23. Write the name of CuO Need the charge of Cu, O is -2 copper must be +2 Copper (II) oxide Naming Ionic Compounds

24. Write the names of the following KCl potassium chloride Na 3 N sodium nitride PbO lead (II) oxide PbO 2 lead (IV) oxide Naming Ionic Compounds