1. A Software Tool for Estimating Mercury Emissions and Reductions from Coal-Fired Electric Utilities (EU) Presented at the NC Clean Smokestacks Act Sections 12 & 13 Mercury and CO 2 Control Options Assessment Workshop Raleigh, NC April 19, 2004 Jeffrey D. Cole C. Clark Allen, Ph.D. colejd@rti.org cca@rti.org (919) 990-8606 (919) 990-8645

2. Case-By-Case MACT for New Coal-fired EU Units 40 CFR Part 63 Subpart B, Title 5. Tool for evaluating alternatives for mercury control. Case-by-case MACT is applicable until nationally applicable MACT standard Tool is not required for a case-by-case analysis. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/combust/utiltox/utoxpg.ht ml http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/combust/utiltox/utoxpg.ht ml US EPA EU Mercury Software Tool

3. Software for Electric Utility Mercury Controls Sponsored by U.S. EPA. Coal-burning electric utilities. Predicts the amount of mercury control for conventional electric utility pollution control devices. Allows the use of site-specific information. Provides very detailed reports of the results. US EPA EU Mercury Software Tool

4. Basis of the Models Electric Utility Equipment Configurations 1999 EPA ICR Part III emission test reports (79 separate units, 80 total [1 tested twice]). Follow up telephone interviews. Information provided by the EU company. Company review and feedback. US EPA EU Mercury Software Tool

5. Fuel Usage and Characterization Provided by the EU company throughout 1999. Fuel characterization. –Fuel type (bituminous, subbituminous, lignite..) –Fuel amount combusted for each unit –Fuel characterization, mercury content, other characteristics Allows the use of site-specific information. US EPA EU Mercury Software Tool

6. Stack Tests for Electric Utility Mercury Controls Sponsored by EU companies. Different types of conventional pollution controls were evaluated. Measured mercury rates in coal, in gas going into the control unit, and in the gas leaving the control unit. Formal reports with quality assurance. US EPA EU Mercury Software Tool

7. Types of Furnaces and Conventional Air Pollution Controls Tested Conventional furnace, Fluidized-Bed Combustion (FBC), and Integrated Gassification Combined-Cycle (IGCC). Particulate controls: –Electrostatic Precipitators (both hot-side and cold-side) –Fabric filters –Particulate scrubbers –Mechanical collectors (multiclone). Sulfur controls: Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD), Spray Dryer Absorber. Nitrogen oxide controls: Selective Catalytic Reduction, Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction. US EPA EU Mercury Software Tool

8. Steps for Using the Software Select the plant. Select the unit at the plant. Examine the existing controls and current estimated mercury air emissions. Evaluate other control options. Print reports. US EPA EU Mercury Software Tool

9. Method for Estimating the Effectiveness of the Mercury Controls, I Bin Method. Test results are grouped by similar types of units and controls (bins). Identify the bin that is most similar to the unit of interest. Apply the bin control efficiency to the 1999 site specific conditions. Estimate the mercury emission rate for the controls that you have selected. US EPA EU Mercury Software Tool

10. Method for Estimating the Effectiveness of the Mercury Controls, II Speciation Method. Evaluate the mercury speciation for the coal type and furnace type: particulate, ionic, and elemental Evaluate the control effectiveness of each control type for each mercury species. Apply these factors to the 1999 site-specific conditions. Sum the remaining mercury species for the controls you have selected to estimate the total mercury emission rate. US EPA EU Mercury Software Tool

11. Uncertainty Analysis for the Results Expected mercury air emissions from the analysis. Range of results due to uncertainty. Detailed report of the statistics. US EPA EU Mercury Software Tool

12. Special Features and Options Select control technology combinations not included in the test program. Consider site specific factors. Examine alternative controls (fuel type, furnace equipment combinations). Automatic warnings. Automatic site-specific control technology suggestions. Are other units using the control technology suggestions? US EPA EU Mercury Software Tool

13. Conclusions Tool for estimating mercury air emissions only. Uses an extensive database. Equipped with detailed reporting utilities. US EPA EU Mercury Software Tool