1. Abdomen Latin for “belly”

2. Abdomen  Anatomy  Injuries  Evaluation

3. Anatomy of the abdomen  Muscles  Internal organs

4. Muscles of the abdomen  Rectus abdominus-attaches the hip to the ribs and sternum.  Obliques-attaches the hip to the lateral aspect of the ribs.

6. Quadrants of the abdomen  Upper right and left  Lower right and left  Directions are in relation to the victim.

7. Upper right  Kidney  Liver  Gallbladder

8. Upper left  Stomach  Kidney  Pancreas  Spleen

9. Lower right  Appendix

10. Lower left  Large intestine  Small intestine

11. Ailments to the abdomen  Appendicitis  Hernia  Spleen  Kidney  Strains

12. Appendicitis  The appendix is located at the end of the large intestine, and has no real known function.  The inflammation of the appendix occurs from either an infection or a blockage. Pain tends to be located in the right lower quadrant, and localizes directly above the position of the appendix at a point called "McBurney's point."McBurney's point

13. Appendicitis  Signs and symptoms  Pain  Nauseau  Vomitting  Constipation

14. Hernia  Occurs when an abdominal organ or fatty tissue protrudes through a weakened area of the abdominal wall which results in a protrusion.  Signs and Symptoms:  Pain with movement  Protrusion through abdominal wall

15. Spleen  The spleen is located just below the ribs on the left hand side. The spleen filters out infection and other unwanted particles from the blood.

16. Spleen  What are the symptoms of spleen injuries?  pain in the left side of the abdomen  pain in left shoulder Kehr’s sign  lightheaded feeling  paleness  weak pulse

17. Kidneys Part of the urinary system, the kidneys filter wastes (especially urea) from the blood and excrete them, along with water, as urine.

18. Kidneys  Injuries to kidneys will usually result from a direct blow.  Signs and symptoms:  Pain in the back and sides  Hematuria: blood in the urine

19. Strains  Result from sharp twisting and turning, or overstretching.

20. Strains