1. Climate Change Theory

2. C limate Change Ecology Main points: 1.Climate has never been stable. 2.Climate dynamics impact ecosystems 3.The climate is changing rapidly now. 4.Climate change has substantial implications

3. Delcourt and Delcourt 1987

4. 408 m. land plants 100 m flowering plants 6 m earliest “humans” Tim Tebow press conference

5. Delcourt and Delcourt 1987 THE HOLOCENE (11,000-now)

6. C limate Change Ecology Main points: 1.Climate has never been stable. Enormous variability over the long-term 2.Climate dynamics impact ecosystems Species respond to climate dynamics 3.The climate is changing rapidly now. 4.Climate change has substantial implications

7. Margaret Davis...

8. SCIENCE !

9. Pollen (SEM) Acer rubrum Juniperus sp. Ambrosia trifida http://www.geo.arizona.edu/palynology

10. Margaret Davis: Roger’s Lake Ecology (50:409-422), 1969

11. http://www.geo.brown.edu/georesearch/esh/QE/Research/VegDynam/VegAnima/Viewer32/WebViewer.html Pollen Viewer

12. C limate Change Ecology Main points: 1.Climate has never been stable. Enormous variability over the long-term 2.Climate dynamics impact ecosystems Species respond to climate dynamics 3.The climate is changing rapidly now. 4.Climate change has substantial implications

15. Longer term temps? http://www.realclimate.org/ http://www.ipcc.ch/

16. Griffith Woods, KY

22. http://www.realclimate.org/

23. Potential influences on climate: 1) Sunspot activity 2) Volcanoes 3) Ocean current changes 4) Earth’s wobble 5) Atmosphere (greenhouse effect)

24. Sunspots!

27. No evidence of more volcanos

29. Sensitivity to Orbital Parameters IPCC AR4 2007 Milankovitch Theory

30. A CO2 driver of Climate Change….

31. The Greenhouse Effect is fundamental to our understanding of how Earth works: http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/earthguide/diagrams/greenhouse/

32. Keeling Curve: Measured on Mauna Loa

37. On the Influence of Carbonic Acid in the Air upon the Temperature of the Ground Svante Arrhenius The London, Edinburgh and Dublin Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science Series 5, Volume 41, April 1896, pages 237-276.

38. Early Climate Model

39. http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Featu res/Paleoclimatology_IceCores/

40. today Homo sapiens sapiens CO 2 today CO 2 range in 2100 Petit et al, Nature v.399 (6735), pp. 429-436. (1999)

42. http://climate.nasa.gov/

43. C limate Change Ecology Main points: 1.Climate has never been stable. Enormous variability over the long-term 2.Climate dynamics impact ecosystems Species respond to climate dynamics 3.The climate is changing rapidly now. 4.Climate change has substantial implications

44. Climate Change, Theory