1. Subject: English Teacher: Andréia Deluca

2. They are clauses that qualify a noun. They are introduced by a word which is called RELATIVE PRONOUN. This pronoun both- substitutes the noun the clause qualifies - it is the subject or a complement in the sentence it introduces subject complement John is the man who has won the lottery. I can’t find the place where I left my glasses.

3. The most common relatives are: who \ whomIt substitutes a person. whichIt substitutes an animal or a thing. thatIt substitutes a person, an animal or a thing. whoseIt substitutes a possession. Used with a NOUN where It substitutes a place.

4. There are two different types of relative clauses: A)Defining relative clauses. They provide important information which is needed to understand the sentence. Are you travelling to Mexico? That’s the place where I spent my honeymoon. The man that I was talking to was my English teacher. Do you remember the lady whose dog bit you?

5. B)Non-defining relative clauses. They provide additional information to the main sentences. They must be written between commas. There is a beautiful park in New York, where I met my husband, which is called Central Park. Ms. Jones, who is English man,is coming on Monday.

6. OMISSION OF THE RELATIVE PRONOUN. The relative pronoun is omitted if: A)It is not the subject of the sentences it introduces. Andreia is the teacher who speaks English.(nao pode omitir) B)It is not preceded by a preposition. What’s the name of the hotel in which you stayed last week? Is that the man you lived with in Paris?that C)It is not a non-defining clause. The book (that \ which) I read is really interesting. REMARK!!! WHOSE is never omitted

7. Remember Use WHO or THAT when the pronoun is the SUBJECT Examples: The girl who arrived is beautiful. The girl that arrived is beautiful.

8. Use WHO, WHOM,THAT ou nothing when the pronoun is OBJECT. Examples: The girl who I saw is beautiful. The girl whom I saw is beautiful. The girl that I saw is beautiful. The girl I saw is beautiful.

9. Special Cases Use only THAT when:  Antecedentes diferentes:  The girl and the dog that I saw were ran over.  Após superlativos (the best, the worst, the shortest, the most...) e palavras como some, any, no,only.  She is the best doctor that I know  He is the only boy that I trust.

10. Attention We can NOT use THAT when the clause comes:  Between commas ( it´s not essential to understand.) Smooking, which is very popular, is a bad habit. My grandpa, who is 87, is a very active man.  After prepositions (to, about, in, on...) only WHOM (people) or WHICH (no-people) The girl about whom you are talking is my sister. This letter to which you wrote is in Italian language.