1. Language Joviltė Beržanskytė PSbns09-01

2. Content: Elements of language Language development The Influence of language to thinking Do animals use language?

3. Language’s Language: elements of language Grammar- the system of rules that determine how our thoughts can be expressed. Phonology- the study of the smallest units of speech, called phonemes Syntax- ways in which words and phrases can be combined to form sentences. Semantics - the rules governing the meaning of words and sentences.

4. Language development: Babble - meaningless speech like sounds made by children. Critical period- period in early life in which child is most sensitive to language cues and easily learn language.

5. Language development: Telegraphic speech- sentences in which word not critical to message are left out. Overgeneralization - the phenomenon by which children apply language rules even when the application results in an error. 3 month – 1 year Babbling After 1 yearTwo-word combinations Age of 2Telegraphic speech Age of 3More difficult forms of language. Overgeneralization phenomenon Age of 5Basic rules of language

6. The Influence of language to thinking Linguistic-relativity hypothesis- the notion that language shapes and may determine the way people in particular culture perceive and understand the world. A newer version of linguistic-relativity hypothesis suggests that speech patterns may influence just certain aspects of thinking.

7. Do animals use language? Washoe, who was 42 years old, could use about 250 distinctive American Sign Language signs However critics content that the language such animals use still lacks the grammar and the complex and novel constructions of human language. Chimp Washoe

8. Conclusion Language is communication of information through symbols. It can not only help people communicate with each other it is also closely tied to the very way in which people think and understand the world.

9. References Robert S. Feldman Understanding psychology 7 th Edition. Inc 2008 http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2003986 892_washoe01m.html (taken 2010.03.16) http://www.childdevelopmentinfo.com/development/langu age_development.shtml (taken 2010.03.16) http://flowstate.homestead.com/cute-baby-pictures.jpg (picture taken 2010.03.16) http://farm1.static.flickr.com/99/316408546_b1c4bb249e.j pg (picture, taken 2010.03.16)

10. Thank you for your attention Any questions?