1. Portable Fuel Container Public Workshop California Air Resources Board Monitoring and Laboratory Division October 20, 2004 Understanding Spillage

2. Agenda Agenda Introduction Introduction Review PFC Control Strategies Review PFC Control Strategies Emission Reduction Estimates Emission Reduction Estimates Causes of Spillage Causes of Spillage Spillage Control Alternatives Spillage Control Alternatives Next Steps Next Steps

3. Introduction March 2004 Workshop March 2004 Workshop –Introduced revised Regulation, new Certification Procedure and draft test methods for PFC’s –Reviewed consumer comments –Reviewed manufacturer’s consumer findings –ARB conducted in-house consumer testing May 2004 Workshop May 2004 Workshop –Introduced concept of Consumer Acceptance to improve usage and acceptability –Drafted new Spill-Proof Spout test method that used multiple test fixtures to simulate more equipment

4. Introduction (cont.) August 2004 Focus Group August 2004 Focus Group –ARB contracted a Focus Group to observe consumer behavior with existing cans and spouts –Focus Group also investigated Consumer Acceptance criteria and examined feasibility –Group described some of the most common complaints and provided suggested improvements Other (ongoing) Other (ongoing) –ARB continuing with residential and commercial telephone surveys –Surveys used to determine inventories, throughput and question consumer experiences

5. Review PFC Control Strategies Three control strategies designed to reduce emissions from 99 to 24 TPD Three control strategies designed to reduce emissions from 99 to 24 TPD Categories include: Categories include: – Evaporation (83 TPD) – Permeation (8 TPD) – Spillage (8 TPD)

6. Emission Reduction Estimates Two strategies effective at reducing emissions: Two strategies effective at reducing emissions: – Evaporation, very effective – Permeation, mostly effective Spillage strategy effectiveness unclear Spillage strategy effectiveness unclear – Consumer Complaints – Focus Group Findings – In-House Testing – Telephone Survey Results

7. Emission Reduction Estimates (cont.) Evaporation (Automatic Closure) Evaporation (Automatic Closure) – Requires a spout to remain closed when stored – Prevents vapor from evaporating into the atmosphere – A projected 61 TPD emission reduction – Currently estimated as a 61 TPD reduction. Permeation (Barrier Treatments) Permeation (Barrier Treatments) – Designed to prevent plastic containers from saturating with fuel and emissions escaping into the air – A projected 6 TPD emissions reduction – Currently estimated at 3 TPD emissions reduction

8. Emission Reduction Estimates (cont.) Spillage (Automatic Shut Off) Spillage (Automatic Shut Off) – Requires spout to automatically stop – Designed to prevent overfilling equipment – A projected 8 TPD emission reduction – Reductions currently unclear

9. Causes of Spillage Operator Error Operator Error –Pre-Regulation Sloppy fuel transfer Sloppy fuel transfer Over filling Over filling –Post-Regulation Not understanding the instructions Not understanding the instructions Using the PFC incorrectly Using the PFC incorrectly Functional Failure Functional Failure –Pre-Regulation Leaking components Leaking components –Post-Regulation Broken and sticking spouts Broken and sticking spouts Automatic shut-off failure Automatic shut-off failure Spouts don’t fit all applications Spouts don’t fit all applications

10. Spillage Control Alternatives Enhance PFC’s usage controls Enhance PFC’s usage controls Other? Other?

11. Spillage Control Alternatives (cont.) Enhance PFC Usage Controls Enhance PFC Usage Controls – Introduce anti-dripping language for spouts – Multiple spout test fixtures – Certification Procedure – Enhanced labeling requirements – Consumer Acceptance requirements

12. Spillage Control Alternatives (cont.) Other? Other?

13. Next Steps Control strategy decision Control strategy decision ARB staff to rework the PFC Regulation ARB staff to rework the PFC Regulation Next Workshop January-February 2005 Next Workshop January-February 2005 Regulation to the Board 2nd Quarter 2005 Regulation to the Board 2nd Quarter 2005

14. Contact Information PFC Web Page: http://www.arb.ca.gov/pfc/pfc.htm Dennis Goodenow, Manager, Certification Procedure & Regulation Dennis Goodenow, Manager, Certification Procedure & Regulation (916) 322-2886 (916) 322-2886dgoodeno@arb.ca.gov Joseph Fischer, Rulemaking & Permeation Test Method Joseph Fischer, Rulemaking & Permeation Test Method (916) 323-1169 (916) 323-1169 jofische@arb.ca.gov jofische@arb.ca.gov David Frisk, Spill-Proof Spout Test Method David Frisk, Spill-Proof Spout Test Method (916) 322-6017 (916) 322-6017 dfrisk@arb.ca.gov dfrisk@arb.ca.gov Steve Giorgi, Current PFC Regulations, Enforcement Division Steve Giorgi, Current PFC Regulations, Enforcement Division (916) 322-6965 (916) 322-6965 sgiorgi@arb.ca.gov sgiorgi@arb.ca.gov