1. CDP Standard Grade1 Commercial Data Processing Standard Grade Computing Studies

2. CDP Standard Grade2 What is Commercial Data Processing ? Commerce - “exchange of merchandise esp. on a large scale” large companies and other organisations

3. CDP Standard Grade3 What do we mean by large companies ? supermarkets banks building societies mail order dotcoms airlines

4. CDP Standard Grade4 What do we mean by other organisations ? police DVLC income tax local authorities schools

5. CDP Standard Grade5 What do the organisation need for CDP ? Have to process very large amounts of data A mainframe computer system can handle large amounts of data It can process the data quickly process the data accurately give quick access to information carry out repetitive tasks efficiently

6. CDP Standard Grade6 What is the difference between data and information? Data is numbers, text and symbols which can be accepted, stored and processed. Data has no context. Information can come from data that is processed. Information has a context, a meaning.

7. CDP Standard Grade7 Hardware for CDP Mainframe computer CPU input devices terminal for data input operators console for management tasks possibly remote entry output devices backing store

8. CDP Standard Grade8 The Data Processing Cycle

9. CDP Standard Grade9 The Data Processing Cycle Data collection and preparation Data input Data processing and storage Data output but being a cycle means…….

10. CDP Standard Grade10 The Data Processing Cycle Data output Data collection and preparation Data processing and storage Data input

11. CDP Standard Grade11 Data collection and preparation

12. CDP Standard Grade12 Data collection and preparation Source Document order form application form register marks entry sheet

13. CDP Standard Grade13 Data input

14. CDP Standard Grade14 Examples of data input Bar code Magnetic stripe Mark sense cards Character recognition MICR OCR Smart Card

15. CDP Standard Grade15 Error checking

16. CDP Standard Grade16 Error checking Error checking is the process of making sure the data is correct Two forms of error checking are validation verification

17. CDP Standard Grade17 Validation Checking data to ensure it is a sensible value to process. The value may not be necessarily correct. Validation is carried out by the computer system

18. CDP Standard Grade18 Examples of validation Check digit Range check Length check Data type check Presence check Hash total Batch total

19. CDP Standard Grade19 Verification Checking data to ensure it is correct Verification is carried out by people

20. CDP Standard Grade20 Example of verification The usual method for verification is for the data to be typed in twice. This could be One operator typing the data in twice, or Two operators typing the same data in once The computer system then compares the two inputs to check if they are identical

21. CDP Standard Grade21 Data processing and storage

22. CDP Standard Grade22 Interactive or Real time processing is used to update information. In a big organisation this is usually on a multi- user database. Can be classified as Sequential access (serial) Random access (direct) Data processing

23. CDP Standard Grade23 Data storage Files, records, fields and data Update Backup File ancestry grandparent, parent,child

24. CDP Standard Grade24 Data output

25. CDP Standard Grade25 Data output Screen Paper preprinted stationary File

26. CDP Standard Grade26 Implications of the use of CDP

27. CDP Standard Grade27 Management information Stock Staff Multi user databases Single entry, multiple use

28. CDP Standard Grade28 Advantages over a manual system Large amounts of data can be held Data can be processed more quickly Data can be processed more accurately (less errors) Lists can be kept up to date more easily Direct mailing by the use of mail merge

29. CDP Standard Grade29 Costs Initial costs hardware software training Running costs staff maintenance

30. CDP Standard Grade30 Data processing staff Network manager Systems analyst Programmer Engineer

31. CDP Standard Grade31 E-commerce

32. CDP Standard Grade32 E-commerce Online banking Online shopping Effects on business Mass market

33. CDP Standard Grade33 Banking What is money? What do we want from banks? Security Accuracy Reliability Privacy

34. CDP Standard Grade34 Transferring money Cash transfers Paper transfers Electronic fund transfer (EFT) Home banking on line telephone

35. CDP Standard Grade35 Shopping Pre-computers Disadvantages Electronic Point of Sale (EPOS) Advantages and disadvantages Structure of bar code Social implications Electronic fund transfer Point of Sale (EFTPOS)

36. CDP Standard Grade36 Crime, Security and Privacy Theft Fraud Sale of customer lists Security physical software

37. CDP Standard Grade37 CDP and the Law Data Protection Act Computer Misuse Act Customer lists regulated by Advertising Standards Authority

38. CDP Standard Grade38 Commercial Data Processing End of presentation