1. Review – Test 1

2. Review Mesopotamia Sumer – First Civilization – Technology Writing – Cuneiform Mathematics – “Sexagesimal” Sumer: Early Dynastic Period – Lugals – Sumerian Religion Polytheism Ziggurat – The Epic of Gilgamesh First Great Literary Work Epic Poem Egypt – Upper & Lower Egypt Narmer (Menes) – Fist Pharaoh – 3100 BC – Egyptian Calendar – Writing Hieroglyphics & Heriatic – The Old Kingdom Height of Culture Djoser – The Step Pyramid / Pyramid of Djoser Khufu (Cheops) – Great Pyramid at Giza Egyptian Religion – Ra (Re) – The god Pharaoh – Ma’at

3. Review Indus Valley – Mohenjo-Daro – Harappa The Akkadians – Sargon I - Circa 2350 BC – Akkadian Empire –First Empire – First Intermediate Period (Civil War) Cause? Distribution of Wealth and Culture – Middle Kingdom of Egypt Mentuhotep II Expansion & Trade Nubia / Kush

4. Review Third Dynasty of Ur – Code of Ur Nammu Hittites – “Hatti” – Asia Minor (Anatolia) – Chariots – Iron Tools / Weapons Minoans – King Minos – Legends – Crete – Linear A - Language – Proto-Greeks? Old Babylonian Empire – Hammurabi Religion – Marduk The Code of Hammurabi China – Shang Dynasty Egypt – Second Intermediate Period Hyksos Invasion

5. India – Caste System – Hinduism Reincarnation Karma Dharma Moksha The Mitanni – Northern Syria – Light Chariot – Hittites & Egypt Egypt - The New Kingdom – Early 18 th Dynasty Ahmose I Hatshepsut Thutmose III – Religion Amon-Ra – 18 th Dynasty & Religion Amenhotep IV / Akhenaton Aten – Monotheism? Tutankaten / Tutankhamen

6. Review 19 th Dynasty – Ramses II Territorial Height – Battle of Kadesh Egypt v. Hittites Mycenaeans – Indo-European – Conquered Minoans – Linear B – Collapse Greek Dark Age – Dark Age & Heroic Age – Homer Iliad Odyssey – Hesiod Theogony Collapse of Empires – The Sea Peoples Egypt – Third Intermediate Period Kushite Control

7. Review Phoenicia – Tyre, Sidon, and Byblos – Trade Dyes Cedar Trees Iron – Colonization - Carthage – Phoenician Alphabet Philistia / Philistines – Reputation – Military – Metal smithing Hebrews – Old Testament / Tanakh Torah – The Law Nevi'im – The Prophets Ketuvim – The Writings – Abraham – Moses & the Exodus Kingdom of Israel – David - Jerusalem – Solomon - Solomon’s Temple

8. Review The Divided Kingdom – Israel Cosmopolitan Samaria Phoenician Alliance Assyrian Conquest – Judah Isolation Jerusalem Religion Babylonian Conquest Greece – The Archaic Age – The Polis – City-state – Government Monarchy Tyranny Oligarchy Democracy – Colonization

9. Review – Sparta Messenian Wars Helots / Helotry Oligarchy – Athens Solon - Constitution Cleisthenes – Democracy » Ekklesia » Boule » Deme » Ostracism China – Zhou Dynasty Mandate of Heaven Silk History & Poetry Neo-Assyrian Period – Assurbanipal – Assyrian Military – Capitals Assur (Ashur) Nineveh – Relief Sculpture

10. Review Chaldean / Neo- Babylonian Empire – Nabopolassar Rebellion against the Assyrians – Battle of Carchemish Assyria & Egypt Medes & Chaldeans – Nebuchadnezzar - Greatest Height Hanging Gardens – Nabonidus Persian Empire – Cyrus the Great Conquests Persian Subjects - Local laws and Customs – Croesus - King of Lydia – Jews – Cambyses Egypt – Darius I Greatest Height

11. Review Paganism – Greece – Polytheism – Ritual vs. Belief Zoroastrianism – Persia – Dualism – Zoroaster / Zarathustra – Ahura Mazda – Ahriman/Angra Mainyu – Magi - Priests – Avesta - scriptures – Free Will Hebrews / Judaism – Monotheism – The Name of God Yahweh Adonai - Lord – Polytheism v. Monotheism – The Covenant – Ethics & Worship – Babylonian Captivity & After World Religion - Judaism Universal Omnipotent Omniscient Free Will

12. Format: 26 Multiple Choice 5 True/False 2 Short ID 1 Chronology 1 Essay

13. Possible Short IDs and Essays Short IDs will come from Rulers Possible Rulers: – Ramses II – Hatshepsut – Akhenaton – Hammurabi – Nebuchadnezzar – Darius I Essay Question will come from Iron Age Religion: Possible Topics: – Buddhism – Confucianism – Paganism – Judaism