1. Race The Power of an Illusion

2. What arguments was the film making about the biological basis of race? How was race defined in the early 1900’s? How did segregation continue after WWII? What was the role of the Federal Housing Administration? What are the effects of this segregation? What are the economic impacts on people’s lives? What privileges did whites get for being able to live in the suburbs?

3. Access to Education In the past, the FHA policies had direct impacts on the opportunities for minorities. Some are still able to manipulate the system. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/16/us/16scottsdale.html?_r=1&oref=slogin

4. Inequality Persists Rates of Poverty White (Non-Hispanic) 8.4% Asian10.9% Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 12.2% Hispanic origin (any race)22% Black24.7% American Indian and Alaska Native25.3%

5. Structural and Individual Racism Individual Racism is the racist actions and attitudes of individuals. Structural Racism is racism that is built into the very institutions of society.

6. Individual Racism When we think of racism, we tend to think of individual racism. Individual racism is meant to keep a group in a subordinate position to a more powerful group. Racist comments meant to put someone in their “place” Discrimination in hiring

7. Racism is about POWER!!!!!!!!! It is not possible for a subordinated group to be “racist” to a more powerful group! Slaves are not racist for hating their slave owners! Likewise, oppressed peoples are not racist for desiring to cast off their oppression and inequality! Different ethnic groups may stereotype or carry prejudice regarding other groups. But, RACISM IS ABOUT POWER!!!

8. Structural Racism Structural Racism is often hidden in our institutions. Policies and laws disproportionately impact minorities negatively. Education Law Enforcement

9. Structural Racism Segregation after World War II Federal Housing Administration (FHA) “The FHA underwriters warned that the presence of even one or two non-white families could undermine real estate values in the new suburbs.” Inner-city neighborhoods were destroyed and replaced with “Projects” http://www.pbs.org/race/000_General/000_00-Home.htm

10. Who is more likely to benefit from “Affirmative Action” at Ivy League Schools?

11. Structural Racism - Legacies Legacies constitute a significant proportion of students accepted to universities, especially Ivy league schools (10-15%) according to the Economist http://economist.com/world/na/displayStory.cfm?story_id=3518560 “Harvard accepts 40% of applicants who are children of alumni but only 11% of applicants generally.” http://www.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/01/20/timep.affirm.action.tm/index.html http://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/golden3.htm

12. Affirmative Action at Michigan Universities Michigan Ballot Measure bans the use of Race or Gender in college admissions. Colleges Regroup After Voters Ban Race Preferences http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/26/education/26affir m.html http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/26/education/26affir m.html

13. What was left in 10 points - Michigan resident 6 points - Underrepresented Michigan county 2 points - Underrepresented state 20 points - Socio-economic disadvantage 4 points - "Legacy" (parents, step-parents) 1 point - Other (grandparents, siblings, spouses) 20 points - Scholarship athlete 20 points - Provost's discretion

14. Individual and Structural Racism are Linked Together The actions of racist individuals will add up to impact minorities in general. Health Care Racism May Affect Infant Mortality Rates http://www.commondreams.org/archive/2007/09/29/4203/ Some cases of individual racism are so pervasive that it creates a hostile environment.