1. Industrial Hygiene and Exposure Assessment Exploration and Production Cheryl Metzler, CIH BP America Production Co.

2. Foundational Work Planning JSEA Exposure Assessment Procedures PPE Hazard Assessment Worker Training

3. Exposure Assessment Strategy equally applicable to all stressors Chemical Physical Biological Thermal Motion (Lifting, Force, etc.) Pressure (Noise)

4. Strategy Anticipate Verify presence of hazard Identify jobs/tasks with exposure potential Evaluate Exposure potential Perform monitoring Control Confirm controls

5. Exposure Assessment Chemical Biological Electrical Gravity Heat / Cold Radiation Pressure Motion

6. Exposure Assessment Chemical Biological Electrical Gravity Heat / Cold Radiation Pressure Motion Drinking Water Ergonomic Equipment Layout & Design Fatigue Legionella, Encephalitis,Tuberculosis, West Nile Virus, Hanta Virus, Bubonic Plague Poison ivy / oak Repetitive motion Sanitation Spiders, Bees, Ticks

7. Exposure Assessment Chemical Biological Electrical Gravity Heat / Cold Radiation Pressure Motion Benzene Asbestos Caustic Acids - sulfuric, hydrochloric, citric Iron sulfide Methanol Welding fume (heavy metals, hexavalent chromium) H2S Mercury Lead Silica

8. Exposure Assessment Chemical Biological Electrical Gravity Heat / Cold Radiation Pressure Motion Heat Stress Cold - Cryogenics Cold - Frostbite, hypothermia

9. Exposure Assessment Chemical Biological Electrical Gravity Heat / Cold Radiation Pressure Motion Suitability – hand / power tool Overextension Manual lifting Slips / trips / falls Vibration

10. Exposure Assessment Chemical Biological Electrical Gravity Heat / Cold Radiation Pressure Motion Noise

11. Exposure Assessment Chemical Biological Electrical Gravity Heat / Cold Radiation Pressure Motion Welding - UV Radiation Sealed Sources (level detection) - Gamma rays, Alpha & Beta particles Sunlight NORM - Gamma rays, Alpha & Beta Particles

12. Operator’s Responsibility  Identify potential IH hazards  Communicate potential IH hazards to Contractors  Verify that contactor’s exposure assessment plan to protect workers is adequate

13. Contractor’s Responsibility  Conduct personal sampling based upon potential hazards 8-hour time weighted average Short term exposure limits Contractors must gather and retain medical exposure records for 30 years past the term of employment Compliance with 8 hour exposure limits does not equal compliance with STEL, i.e. 15 min at 5ppm for Benzene or 100 dB noise exposure for 2 hours

14. Asbestos Example Complete Asbestos Surveys for facilities /equipment constructed prior to 1982 Identify employees with potential exposure for monitoring Complete monitoring by task Assess feasibility of engineering controls Document respiratory protection, clothing and gloves by task / job category Verify with Occupational Health Nurse personnel needing to complete respiratory questionnaire are identified Document determination regarding inclusion in medical surveillance Review training content Affected employees complete training

15. Ergonomics Example Review Illness reports (backs, shoulders, elbows, hands, wrists). Verify that corrective actions from investigations were effective. Office Ergonomics Conduct baseline office ergonomic survey for all employees to identify high risk users. Conduct personal survey for high risk users. Training on ergonomic hazards and equipment adjustment for all employees Industrial Ergonomics Identify field tasks that may require baseline industrial ergonomic survey. Conduct personal survey for high risk tasks. Training on ergonomic hazards and equipment adjustment for all employees, including engineers.

16. Equipment-based Exposure Assessment  What equipment is onsite?  What product is in the equipment?  What are the hazards of the product in the equipment? The tools? The chemicals to be used? (MSDSs)  What other equipment is associated with it?

17. Equipment Life Cycle Construct Operate Maintain Demolish

18. Life Cycle Tasks  What are the tasks done on the equipment? Construct Operate Maintain Demolish  Who does these tasks?

19. 50 ppm 25 ppm 15 ppm 10 ppm 0 ppm 8AM 12 Noon4 PM EXPOSURE LIMIT CONCEPTS ACETIC ACID CEILING Not to be exceeded ever STEL 15 minute task TWA Full Shift

20. 20 Continuous sampling example 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 21:3321:5922:2522:5123:1723:43 00:0900:3501:0101:2701:5302:1902:45 03:11 03:37 04:03 04:29 Laboratory work (titration's etc.) Taking process acetate ester samples Painting? ppm (as isobutylene) Time Taking process kettle samples

21. Benzene Example  Identify equipment with potential exposure  Identify tasks performed on equipment and personnel performing tasks  Monitor using personal sampling pumps and charcoal tubes  Use statistical analysis tools to compare sampling results with OSHA standards  Recommend controls, if required  Schedule for repeated sampling to ensure nothing has changed

22. Benzene  Exposures 8-hour Time Weighted Average (OSHA PEL – 1 ppm) Tasks – Short Term Exposure (OSHA STEL – 5 ppm) OSHA Oil & Gas Exemption for Exploration – 10 ppm

23. Sampling Results – Tank gauging  Review Sampling data <0.1 ppm0.02 ppm0.2 ppm 0.1 ppm  Use statistical program  Compare to OEL

24. Process Overview – Benzene Example

25. Equipment & Tasks - Tank Produced Water / Condensate / Rich Glycol Tank - Operation Tank gauging Sampling Truck Loading, water Truck Loading, oil

26. Equipment & Tasks - Tank Produced Water / Condensate / Rich Glycol Tank - Maintenance Tank Cleaning/Internal inspection Piping/Flange/Gasket Replacement Meter Proving/Calibration/Replacement Changing Orifice Plate Pump - Repair Or Replacement VRU Repair/Replacement/Lube Oil Change Check thief hatch and Enardo/relief valve Transmitter repair / replacement / Level indicator

27. Equipment & Tasks - Filter Glycol Sock Filter - Maintenance Piping/Flange/Gasket/Gauge Replacement Changing Gylcol Sock Filters

28. Equipment & Tasks – In-line Heater Heater - Maintenance In-line Heater - Inspection - internal In-line Heater - Repair In-line Heater - Piping - repair/replacement

29. Equipment & Tasks – Separator Separator - Maintenance Separators/free water knockout – Inspection – internal Separators/free water knockout – Piping repair replacement Etc.

30. Work Management System  Integrate hazard identification and IH monitoring into maintenance work order systems, e.g. Maximo

31. Applying to other operators?

33. Conclusion

34. Questions?