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Histology Laboratories James D. Jamieson, MD/PhD
Molecules to Systems 2003 Compiled by James D. Jamieson, MD/PhD Thomas L. Lentz, MD No part of this image collection may be distributed outside of the Yale University Intranet.
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Acknowledgements Sources of Micrographs, Diagrams and Figures
Alberts, B. et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th Edition, Garland Science, New York, 2002. Gartner, L. P. and Hiatt, J. L. Color Atlas of Histology, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1994. Kerr, J. B. Atlas of Functional Histology. Mosby, London, 1999. Kessel, R. G. and Kardon, R. H. Tissues and Organs: a text-atlas of scanning electron microscopy. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco, 1979. Lentz, T. L. Cell Fine Structure. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1971. Lodish, H. et al. Molecular Cell Biology. W. H. Freeman, New York, Mizoguti, H. Color Slide Atlas of Histology. Nihon Shashin Shinbunsha, Tokyo. Young, B. and Heath, J. W. Wheater’s Functional Histology. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, 2000. Micrographs taken by George Palade, Marilyn Farquhar, James D. Jamieson, Nicolai Simionescu, Maya Simionescu, David Castle, Thomas L. Lentz. Web Resources Cushing Library Educational Software/Cell Biology/Several Histology Resources
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Endocrine Systems Laboratory
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Anterior Pituitary
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Regulation of Synthesis
of Pituitary Hormones
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Optic chiasma Hypothlamus Posterior pituitary Stalk Anterior pituitary Pituitary: Sagittal Section Sella turcica
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Acidophils (Mammotroph, PRL
Somatotroph, GH) Chromophobes Basophils (Corticotrophs,ACTH Thyrotroph, TSH Gonadotroph, FSH, LH) Anterior Pituitary; H&E.
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Fenestrated capillary
Anterior Pituitary TEM S: somatotroph G: gonadotroph
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Posterior Pituitary
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Herring bodies Blood vessels Glial cells Posterior Pituitary
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ADH/Oxytocin Release in Posterior Pituitary
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Adrenal Cortex
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Adrenal C: Cortex M: Medulla
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Blood Supply of Adrenal
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Capsule ZG ZF Adrenal Cortex: Zona Glomerulosa; aldosterone
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ZF Adrenal Cortex: Zona Fasciculata; cortisol
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ZR Adrenal Cortex: Zona Reticularis; weak androgens
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Adrenal Cortex (ZR) and Medulla (M)
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Adrenal Cortical Cell
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Adrenal Medulla
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Blood vessel Chromaffin cells Adrenal Medulla; epinephrine and norepinephrine
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Sympathetic nerve fibers
Chromaffin cells with epinephrine granules Adrenal Medulla
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Thyroid/Parathyroid
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Follicles Thyroid Gland
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Follicular epithelial cells
Colloid (thyroglobulin) Thyroid Follicles
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Follicular epithelial cells
Parafollicular cells/C-cells Thyroid Follicles; C cells: calcitonin, lowers blood Ca++
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Colloid C cell Thyroid Follicle TEM
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Parathyroid
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Parathyroid Thyroid Parathyroid; PTH elevates Blood Ca++
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Chief (PTH) cells Adipose cells Oxyphil cells Parathyroid
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Oxyphil cells Chief (PTH) cells Parathyroid
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Endocrine Pancreas
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Exocrine pancreas Islets of Langerhans Endocrine Pancreas
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Exocrine acini Blood vessels Vein Endocrine Pancreas
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Normal Islet. Immunoperoxidase against glucagon (L) and insulin (R)
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Islet Immunostained for Insulin
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Same Islet Immunostained for Glucagon
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Glucose Homeostasis: Liver and Endocrine Pancreas
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GI Endocrine System
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Enteroendocrine Cells: stained for serotonin
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Gut Endocrine Cells: XS crypt
A: endocrine cells facing lamina propria
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Lumen of gastric gland Lamina propria Gastric Endocrine Cells: G = gastrin cell
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Mucosal Neuroendocrine Cells Facing Lumen and Lamina Propria
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Mucosal Neuroendocrine Cells Facing Lamina Propria Only
Gut Endocrine Cells Facing Lumen and Lamina Propria
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A Bit of Pathology
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Thyroid: Graves disease
Thyroid: Graves disease. What is the functional state of the epithelial cells and the colloid? This path. Is due to autoantibodies that mimic TSH. Discuss in terms of the cell biology of the thyroid.
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Nodular goiter. Thyroid from a person living in Switzerland
Nodular goiter. Thyroid from a person living in Switzerland. What do you see that is different from normal?
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Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Note abnormal lymphoid follicle and infiltrating lymphocytes. What might be the cause of this condition?
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Insulinoma (malignant): Islet cell tumor stained with insulin antibody
Insulinoma (malignant): Islet cell tumor stained with insulin antibody. What symptoms might the tumor produce?
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Islet adenoma (benign - encapsulated) compared to normal islet (R).
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Normal parathyroid (L); functional adenoma (R)
Normal parathyroid (L); functional adenoma (R). What might you see on bone density scans?
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Normal anterior pituitary (L), Adenoma (R)
Normal anterior pituitary (L), Adenoma (R). This tumor is often functional and secretes prolactin. What might symptoms be in a male?
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Anterior Pituitary: Immunoperoxidase for prolactin; used in diagnosis of functional pituitary adenomas
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Capsule Adrenal cortical adenoma. Cells resemble those of the zona fasciculata - lots of fat droplets. How might this condition affect this patient’s muscle mass. What hormone would you ask for in a lab test?
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