1. ALCOS OBJECTIVE 1 Diversity of Plants

2. Kingdom plante consists of 10 divisions  Anthocerophyta – Hornworts  Bryophyta – Mosses  Hepatophyta – Liverworts  Lycophyta – Clubmosses and Spikemosses  Pterophyta – Ferns and Horsetails  Cycadophyta – Cycads  Ginkgophyta – Ginkgo and Maidenhair  Gnetophyta  Coniferophyta – conifers  Anthophyta – Flowering plants

3. Diversity of Plants Bryophytes  Nonvascular seedless plants  Small, grow near water  Dominant gametophyte  Originated 475 mya Division Anthocerophyta  Hornworts  Sporophyte typically 5cm in height  ~ 100 extant species

4. Phaeoceros laevis Anthoceros agrestis Diversity of Plants

5. Division Bryophyta  Mosses  Sporophyte typically ~15cm in height  Form dense mats  15 000 extant species  Found on every continent except Antarctica

6. Pyrrhobryum spiniforme Sphagnum sp. Diversity of Plants

7. Division Hepatophyta  Liverworts  Sporophyte less than 5cm in height  Typically found in tropical or subtropical regions  ~9000 extant species

8. Frullania ericoides Marchantia polymorpha Diversity of Plants

9. Seedless vascular plants  Evolution of vascular tissue  Dominant sporophyte  Originated 420 mya Division Lycophyta  Clubmosses and Spikemosses  ~1200 extant species  Most primitive vascular plants

10. Lycopodium tristachyum Selaginella apoda Diversity of Plants

11. Division Pterophyta  Ferns, Horsetails and Wisk ferns  12 000 extant species  Thrive in temperate climates  Dominated forest of carboniferous period

12. Osmunda cinnamomea Polystichum acrostichoides Diversity of Plants

13. Cheilanthes alabamensis Trichomanes petersii Diversity of Plants

14. Psilotum nudum Equisetum hyemale Diversity of Plants

15. Vascular seed plants  Evolution of seeds  Dominant sporophyte  Originated 360 mya Division Cycadophyta  Cycads  ~100 extant species  Grow exclusively in tropical habitats  Only species found wild in U.S grows in Florida

16. Cycas circinalis Encephalartos sclavoi Diversity of Plants

17. Division Ginkgophyta  1 extant species  Ginkgo biloba  Cultivated trees  Maidenhair tree  Fan-like leaves turn gold in autumn

18. Diversity of Plants Division Gnetophyta  Gnetophytes  75 extant species  Most species found in desert regions  Some species may live to be over 1000 years old

19. Ephedra torreyana Welwitschia Mirabilis Diversity of Plants

20. Division Coniferophyta  Conifers  600 extant species  Most are evergreen  Adaptations for conserving water

21. Pinus palustris Pinus taeda Diversity of Plants

22. Taxodium distichum Juniperus virginiana Diversity of Plants

23. Division Anthophyta  Flowering plants  Subdivided into Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons  Monocotyledons  65 000 extant species  Grasses, orchids, lilies and palms  Dicotyledons  185 000 extant species  Shrubs, trees, cacti, wildflowers, garden flowers, vegetables and herbs

24. Digitaria sp. Andropogon glomeratus Diversity of Plants

25. Hymenocallis coronaria Platanthera ciliaris Diversity of Plants

26. Myrica cerifera Smilax laurifolia Diversity of Plants

27. Acer rubrum Liquidambar styraciflua Diversity of Plants

28. Quercus rubra Quercus alba Diversity of Plants

29. Spigelia marilandica Mitchella repens Diversity of Plants

30. Clitora mariana Trillium sp. Diversity of Plants

31. Dichotomous Keys Dichotomous Key  Made up of set of numbered statements  Each set deals with a single characteristic of the organism  Leaf shape or leaf arrangement  Bark and twig structure  Flower arrangement and structure  A key to the trees of Alabama  http://www.aces.edu/pubs/docs/A/ANR-0509/ANR-0509.pdf http://www.aces.edu/pubs/docs/A/ANR-0509/ANR-0509.pdf